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Life Without Thyroid Hormone Receptor [PDF]
Endocrinology, 2021 Abstract Thyroid hormone (T3) is critical not only for organ function and metabolism in the adult but also for animal development. This is particularly true during the neonatal period when T3 levels are high in mammals. Many processes during this postembryonic developmental period resemble those during amphibian metamorphosis.
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Retardation of cochlear maturation and impaired hair cell function caused by deletion of all known thyroid hormone receptors [PDF]
, 2001 The deafness caused by early onset hypothyroidism indicates that thyroid hormone is essential for the development of hearing. We investigated the underlying roles of the TRa1 and TRß thyroid hormone receptors in the auditory system using receptor ...
Forrest, Douglas +8 more
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Thyroxine-Thyroid Hormone Receptor Interactions [PDF]
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2004 Thyroid hormone (TH) actions are mediated by nuclear receptors (TRs alpha and beta) that bind triiodothyronine (T(3), 3,5,3'-triiodo-l-thyronine) with high affinity, and its precursor thyroxine (T(4), 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodo-l-thyronine) with lower affinity. T(4) contains a bulky 5' iodine group absent from T(3).
Sandler, Ben +10 more
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Pleiotropy as the Mechanism for Evolving Novelty: Same Signal, Different Result. [PDF]
, 2015 In contrast to the probabilistic way of thinking about pleiotropy as the random expression of a single gene that generates two or more distinct phenotypic traits, it is actually a deterministic consequence of the evolution of complex physiology from the ...
Torday, John S
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Nature Communications, 2022 Thyroid hormone (TH) action regulates brown adipose tissue thermogenic capacity through incompletely understood mechanisms. Here the authors report that T3, the active form of TH, increases thermogenic capacity via thyroid hormone receptor α-mediated ...
Shengnan Liu +22 more
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Methods to assess iron and iodine status [PDF]
, 2008 Four methods are recommended for assessment of iodine nutrition: urinary iodine concentration, the goitre rate, and blood concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroglobulin.
Zimmermann, M.B.
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Effects of Thyroxine Exposure on Osteogenesis in Mouse Calvarial Pre-Osteoblasts [PDF]
, 2013 The incidence of craniosynostosis is one in every 1,800-2500 births. The gene-environment model proposes that if a genetic predisposition is coupled with environmental exposures, the effects can be multiplicative resulting in severely abnormal phenotypes.
A Mansukhani +58 more
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Thyroid hormone receptor beta: Relevance in human health and diseases
Endocrine and Metabolic Science, 2023 Thyroid Hormone Receptor (THR) is a member of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily, best defined as intracellular ligand-modulated transcription factors. Thyroid hormone (TH), by binding to THR, regulates several physiological and metabolic processes, e.
Ghausiya Rehman +3 more
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Thyroid hormone inhibits the human prolactin gene promoter by interfering with activating protein-1 and estrogen stimulations [PDF]
, 1997 Transcription of the human PRL (hPRL) gene in the pituitary is subject to tissue-specific and multihormonal regulation involving two main regulatory regions, a proximal promoter and a distal enhancer.
Caccavelli, L. +4 more
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Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor
Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy, 2017 Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) plays a pivotal role in thyroid hormone metabolism. It is a major controller of thyroid cell function and growth. Mutations in TSHR may lead to several thyroid diseases, most commonly hyperthyroidism. Although its genetic and epigenetic alterations do not directly lead to carcinogenesis, it has a crucial role
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