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Toll-like receptors in the spotlight
Nature Immunology, 2003Evidence that the relatively new field of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) has come of age was apparent at a meeting held by the Biochemical Society at the Novartis Respiratory Centre in Horsham, UK, on 3 February 2003. The meeting covered a wide range of topics including how the innate response is tailored to the invading pathogen, how TLRs might have ...
Luke A J, O'Neill +2 more
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Nature Reviews Immunology, 2004
One of the mechanisms by which the innate immune system senses the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms is through the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize specific molecular patterns that are present in microbial components. Stimulation of different TLRs induces distinct patterns of gene expression, which not only leads to the activation of ...
Shizuo, Akira, Kiyoshi, Takeda
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One of the mechanisms by which the innate immune system senses the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms is through the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize specific molecular patterns that are present in microbial components. Stimulation of different TLRs induces distinct patterns of gene expression, which not only leads to the activation of ...
Shizuo, Akira, Kiyoshi, Takeda
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Cell and Tissue Research, 2010
Analysis of the genomes of two distantly related bird species, chicken and zebra finch (divergence of about 100 million years), indicate that there are ten avian toll-like receptors and that five of these, TLR2a, 2b, 3, 4, 5 and 7, are clear orthologs to TLRs found in mammals.
Robert, Brownlie, Brenda, Allan
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Analysis of the genomes of two distantly related bird species, chicken and zebra finch (divergence of about 100 million years), indicate that there are ten avian toll-like receptors and that five of these, TLR2a, 2b, 3, 4, 5 and 7, are clear orthologs to TLRs found in mammals.
Robert, Brownlie, Brenda, Allan
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Toll-like receptors in atherosclerosis
Biochemical Society Transactions, 2007At one time, atherosclerosis was thought to be a simple lipid storage disease. However, it is now recognized as a chronic and progressive inflammation of the arterial wall. Gene deletion experiments in murine models of atherosclerosis that reduce the inflammatory process also reduce disease severity.
P S, Tobias, L K, Curtiss
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Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 2002
To review the role of mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in host defense.MEDLINE search and current literature.First, TLRs participate in the recognition of molecular patterns present on microorganisms. Second, TLRs are expressed at the interface with the environment, the site of microbial invasion.
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To review the role of mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in host defense.MEDLINE search and current literature.First, TLRs participate in the recognition of molecular patterns present on microorganisms. Second, TLRs are expressed at the interface with the environment, the site of microbial invasion.
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Current Opinion in Immunology, 2003
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential in the host defense against microbial pathogens. Individual TLRs recognize distinct structural components of pathogens and evoke inflammatory responses. Recent evidence indicates that TLRs recognize not only bacteria and fungi but also viruses.
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Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential in the host defense against microbial pathogens. Individual TLRs recognize distinct structural components of pathogens and evoke inflammatory responses. Recent evidence indicates that TLRs recognize not only bacteria and fungi but also viruses.
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Signalling of Toll-Like Receptors
2008Since Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling was found crucial for the activation of innate and adaptive immunity, it has been the focus of immunological research. There are at least 13 identified mammalian TLRs, to date, that share similarities in their extracellular and intracellular domains.
Constantinos, Brikos, Luke A J, O'Neill
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Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitors: Current research and prospective
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2022Guoliang Chen +2 more
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