Cassette recombination dynamics within chromosomal integrons are regulated by toxin-antitoxin systems. [PDF]
Richard E +16 more
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Unraveling the role of toxin-antitoxin systems in <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i>: exploring bacterial pathogenesis and interactions within the HigBA families. [PDF]
Chapartegui-González I +4 more
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Chromosomal Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Systems May Enhance Bacterial Fitness of a Hybrid Pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> Strain Under Stress Conditions. [PDF]
Silva JCA +9 more
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Molecular identification of toxin-antitoxin system genes and their relationship with biofilm formation among clinical isolates of Escherichia coli obtained from hospitalized and outpatients in educational hospitals in Ahvaz, Iran. [PDF]
Yousefi Avarvand A +4 more
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The Chlamydia-related Waddlia chondrophila encodes functional type II toxin-antitoxin systems. [PDF]
Ardissone S, Greub G.
europepmc +1 more source
Toxin/antitoxin systems induce persistence and work in concert with restriction/modification systems to inhibit phage. [PDF]
Fernández-García L +6 more
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Type II and IV toxin-antitoxin systems coordinately stabilize the integrative and conjugative element of the ICESa2603 family conferring multiple drug resistance in Streptococcus suis. [PDF]
Gu Q +6 more
europepmc +1 more source
Unraveling the evolutionary dynamics of toxin-antitoxin systems in diverse genetic lineages of <i>Escherichia coli</i> including the high-risk clonal complexes. [PDF]
Singh A +4 more
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Ribonucleases in bacterial toxin–antitoxin systems
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms, 2013Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread in bacteria and archaea and play important roles in a diverse range of cellular activities. TA systems have been broadly classified into 5 types and the targets of the toxins are diverse, but the most frequently used cellular target is mRNA.
Cook, Gregory M. +6 more
openaire +3 more sources
Toxin-Antitoxin Systems in Bacteria and Archaea
Annual Review of Genetics, 2011Almost all bacteria and many archaea contain genes whose expression inhibits cell growth and may lead to cell death when overproduced, reminiscent of apoptotic genes in higher systems. The cellular targets of these toxins are quite diverse and include DNA replication, mRNA stability, protein synthesis, cell-wall biosynthesis, and ATP synthesis.
Yoshihiro, Yamaguchi +2 more
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