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Post-transcriptional gene silencing in plants by RNA
Plant Cell Reports, 2003RNA silencing, which is termed post-transcriptional gene silencing in plants, is an RNA degradation process through sequence-specific nucleotide interactions induced by double-stranded RNA. In plants, RNA silencing not only serves as a component of the defense mechanism, but also participates in the regulation of endogenous gene expression in a variety
Prakash Kumar
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Post-transcriptional gene silencing in plants
Journal of Cell Science, 2001Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in plants is an RNA-degradation mechanism that shows similarities to RNA interference (RNAi) in animals. Indeed, both involve double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), spread within the organism from a localised initiating area, correlate with the accumulation of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and require putative RNA ...
Vaucheret, Herve +2 more
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Transcriptional Silencers: Driving Gene Expression with the Brakes On
Trends in Genetics, 2021Silencers are regulatory DNA elements that reduce transcription from their target promoters; they are the repressive counterparts of enhancers. Although discovered decades ago, and despite evidence of their importance in development and disease, silencers have been much less studied than enhancers.
Julian A, Segert +2 more
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Transcription and RNAi in heterochromatic gene silencing
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 2007Recent findings have challenged the longstanding belief that heterochromatin is an inert and transcriptionally inactive structure. Studies in organisms ranging from fission yeast to animals have found that noncoding RNAs transcribed from heterochromatic DNA repeats function in the assembly and function of heterochromatin. In this review, we discuss the
Bühler, Marc, Moazed, Danesh
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Reactivation of silenced genes and transcriptional therapy
Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 2003The purpose of this review is to discuss the potential role of “transcriptional therapy” to modulate the expression of target genes in order to treat monogenic as well as multifactorial disorders. In vitro and in vivo experiments with DNA demethylating and histone hyperacetylating drugs are currently performed in several laboratories on a variety of ...
P, Chiurazzi, G, Neri
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RNA-directed transcriptional gene silencing in mammals
Trends in Genetics, 2005RNA interference is a highly conserved pathway mediating sequence-specific RNA degradation. In plants, the short RNA intermediates of this pathway can also drive transcriptional silencing of target genes by DNA methylation. Until recently, there was no evidence that a similar pathway operated in mammals; two new studies suggest that small RNAs can ...
Elizabeth H, Bayne, Robin C, Allshire
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Transcriptional gene silencing as a tool for uncovering gene function in maize
Plant Journal, 2005SummaryTranscriptional gene silencing has broad applications for studying gene function in planta. In maize, a large number of genes have been identified as tassel‐preferred in their expression pattern, both by traditional genetic methods and by recent high‐throughput expression profiling platforms.
Erica Unger-Wallace
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The Art of Transcriptional Gene Silencing
Science, 2006RNA interference (RNAi) targets sequences to be silenced through complementary small interfering (si)RNAs. SiRNAs are bound by Ago proteins, some of which can "slice" and inactivate target RNAs. RNAi silences gene expression at both the posttranscriptional and transcriptional levels.
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Post-transcriptional gene silencing across kingdoms
Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 2000Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) as a consequence of the introduction of either transgenes or double-stranded RNA molecules has been found to occur in a number of species. In the past year, studies in different systems have greatly enhanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of these phenomena.
COGONI, Carlo, MACINO, Giuseppe
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Post-transcriptional gene silencing by siRNAs and miRNAs
Current Opinion in Structural Biology, 2005Recent years have seen a rapid increase in our understanding of how double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and 21- to 25-nucleotide small RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), control gene expression in eukaryotes. This RNA-mediated regulation generally results in sequence-specific inhibition of gene expression; this can occur at levels as
Filipowicz W +3 more
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