Results 41 to 50 of about 55,926 (239)

Transcripts enriched in codons that trigger P‐site tRNA‐mediated mRNA decay possess stable mRNA

FEBS Open Bio, EarlyView.
PTMD codons were first described by Mendel et al. as mediators of an mRNA decay pathway dependent on the human protein CNOT3, homologous to yeast Not5. Our findings confirm that PTMD codons destabilize transcripts; however, unlike in yeast, the human pathway specifically targets and slightly destabilizes primarily stable mRNAs.
Rodolfo Lopes Carneiro, Fernando Lucas Palhano   +1 more
wiley   +1 more source

Transfer RNA expression, modification, and derived small RNAs in cancer biology and clinical potential

Frontiers in Immunology
Transfer RNA (tRNA) is essential for protein synthesis and undergoes diverse chemical modifications that regulate its stability and function. Dysregulation of tRNA expression and modifications, along with the activity of tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs ...
Ming Luo, Ji’an Liu, Yang Su, Rao Fu, Xufeng Huang, Xufeng Huang, Qi Wang, Jing Li, Zhengrui Li, Li Liu   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

RNA Sequencing Resolves Cryptic Pathogenic Variants in Mitochondrial Disease

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Objective Mitochondrial diseases are the most common inherited metabolic disorders, characterized by pronounced clinical and genetic heterogeneity that complicates molecular diagnosis. Although DNA‐based sequencing approaches have become standard in genetic testing, up to half of patients remain without a definitive diagnosis.
Zhimei Liu, Xin Duan, Fatemeh Peymani, Jia Wang, Chengjia Bao, Chaolong Xu, Ying Zou, Zixuan Zhang, Yunxi Zhang, Tongyue Li, Martin Pavlov, Junling Wang, Minhan Song, Tianyu Song, Xiaodi Han, Mingxi Sun, Danmin Shen, Ruoyu Duan, Huafang Jiang, Manting Xu, Holger Prokisch, Fang Fang   +21 more
wiley   +1 more source

RNA Helicase DDX21 Controls CD4+ T Cell Proliferation and Promotes Inflammatory Bowel Disease via Translational Control

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by dysregulated T cell responses. RNA helicases, including DExD‐box helicase 21 (DDX21), are pivotal in RNA metabolism, but their role in T cell‐mediated pathology during IBD remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that DDX21 expression in CD4+ T cells correlates with cell cycle and translation ...
Yujuan Zhang, Chen Kan, Xinhui Yang, Yajuan Hao, Xuemin Cai, Mei Yang, Qianqian Zhang, Zhengting Wang, Ning Jiang, Lei Wang, Hua‐Bing Li, Jing Zhou   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source

Single‐Cell Dissection of Therapy‐Induced Remodeling Uncovers a Fibroblast‐Driven Immunosuppressive Niche and Targetable Vulnerabilities in Lethal Prostate Cancer

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Single‐cell longitudinal profiling reveals that androgen‐deprivation therapy induces a DPT+ fibroblast‐complement axis that suppresses macrophage inflammation and drives CD8+ T cell exhaustion in prostate cancer. Concurrently, resistant epithelial subpopulations persist and engage TSPAN1‐ and NRXN1‐mediated programs promoting CRPC and neuroendocrine ...
Yang Chen, Dandan Dong, Jinling Liao, Naikai Liao, Mengqi Liu, Qin Zhang, Siting Chen, Qi Liu, Ying Lu, Tianyu Li, Chunlin Zou, Qiong Song, Qiuyan Wang, Jian Liang, Qiji Xie, Chengyang Li, Mengyun Wang, Jiwen Cheng, Zengnan Mo, Gong‐Hong Wei   +19 more
wiley   +1 more source

Unveiling transfer RNA modifications of oil palm and their dynamic changes during fruit ripening

BMC Plant Biology
Background The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is a crucial agricultural commodity, yielding the highest oil output among oil-bearing crops. Despite its significance, productivity challenges persist due to genetic and environmental factors.
Dehai Deng, Yichao Qin, Xiuying Lin, Meng Chu, Daizhu Lv, Huan Lin   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

tRNA epitranscriptomics and biased codon are linked to proteome expression in Plasmodium falciparum

Molecular Systems Biology, 2018
Among components of the translational machinery, ribonucleoside modifications on tRNAs are emerging as critical regulators of cell physiology and stress response. Here, we demonstrate highly coordinated behavior of the repertoire of tRNA modifications of
Chee Sheng Ng, Ameya Sinha, Yaw Aniweh, Qianhui Nah, Indrakanti Ramesh Babu, Chen Gu, Yok Hian Chionh, Peter C Dedon, Peter R Preiser   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Native tertiary structure and nucleoside modifications suppress tRNA's intrinsic ability to activate the innate immune sensor PKR. [PDF]

PLoS ONE, 2013
Interferon inducible protein kinase PKR is an essential component of innate immunity. It is activated by long stretches of dsRNA and provides the first line of host defense against pathogens by inhibiting translation initiation in the infected cell. Many
Subba Rao Nallagatla, Christie N Jones, Saikat Kumar B Ghosh, Suresh D Sharma, Craig E Cameron, Linda L Spremulli, Philip C Bevilacqua   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

UCHL3 Regulates Subgenomic Flaviviral RNA Condensates to Promote Virus Propagation

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Flavivirus subgenomic RNAs (sfRNAs) antagonise antiviral defences, yet how sfRNAs are organized and maintained in cells remains poorly understood. Here we identify ubiquitin C‐terminal hydrolase L3 (UCHL3) as a post‐translational regulator of flavivirus sfRNA stability and function.
Oscar Trejo‐Cerro, Anna Beekmayer‐Dhillon, Qi Wen Teo, Lewis Siu, Ming Yuan Li, Kate J. Heesom, Adán Pinto‐Fernández, Sumana Sanyal   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Methylated nucleosides in tRNA and tRNA methyltransferases

Frontiers in Genetics, 2014
To date, more than 90 modified nucleosides have been found in tRNA and the biosynthetic pathways of the majority of tRNA modifications include a methylation step(s).
Hiroyuki eHori
doaj   +1 more source