Results 141 to 150 of about 21,207 (299)

Placental mitochondrial metabolic adaptation maintains cellular energy balance in pregnancy complicated by gestational hypoxia

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Placental mitochondrial adaptation to gestational hypoxia. Hypoxic pregnancy in sheep increases placental insulin like growth factor 2 (IGF2) signalling (1), which is associated with a shift in capacity away from β‐oxidation (2) and complex I‐mediated respiration (3), while maintaining total oxidative phosphorylation capacity (4).
Wen Tong, Beth J. Allison, Kirsty L. Brain, Olga V. Patey, Youguo Niu, Kimberley J. Botting, Sage G. Ford, Tess A. Garrud, Peter F. B. Wooding, Qiang Lyu, Lin Zhang, Jin Ma, Alice P. Sowton, Katie A. O'Brien, Tereza Cindrova‐Davies, Hong Wa Yung, Graham J. Burton, Andrew J. Murray, Dino A. Giussani   +18 more
wiley   +1 more source

High‐elevation adaptation and gestational hypoxia jointly shape vascular development in a rodent placenta

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend We investigated how environmental hypoxia and genetic adaptation to high altitudes jointly impact the development of the placental exchange surface in ways that might protect fetal growth potential. We used wild‐derived, lab‐born North American deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) from low‐elevation and high‐elevation environments (
Kathryn Wilsterman, Zachary A. Cheviron, Jeffrey M. Good, Kai Gurnoe‐Brantley, Kylie E. Jewett, Katherine Kiel, Ashley M. Larson   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Human placental exposure to pollutant nanoparticles: uptake, translocation and functional impact

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Prenatal exposure to pollutant nanoparticles has been increasingly investigated due to concerns about their potential effects on placental function and pregnancy outcomes. Maternal inhalation of pollutant nanoparticles can result in a pro‐inflammatory response; particles can also translocate across the alveolus epithelial barrier
Katherine L. Bethell, Andrew C. Povey, Edward D. Johnstone, Peter T. Ruane   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

MCT1‐mediated bidirectional propionate transport across human placental syncytiotrophoblast layer: insights from a trophoblast stem cell‐derived barrier model

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Propionate in the fetal circulation is thought to originate from fermentation of dietary fibre by the maternal gut microbiota. However, the mechanism of transplacental transport has remained unclear. Here, we measured propionate permeability using a placental barrier model generated by differentiating human placental trophoblast ...
Toshiaki Tsuchitani, Rin Midorikawa, Akari Kasuya, Saki Noguchi, Kohei Yamamoto, Tomohiro Nishimura, Hirokazu Kaji, Takeshi Hori, Masatoshi Tomi   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Physiological and anatomical determinants of placental drug transfer

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Fetal exposure to pharmaceuticals and their subsequent clearance back to the maternal circulation are governed by placental transfer. Passive diffusion down a maternal‐to‐fetal concentration gradient is the primary route of fetal drug exposure, with specific compounds undergoing transporter‐mediated transfer.
Rohan M. Lewis, Anandita Umapathy, Jane K. Cleal, Bram G. Sengers   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

A primary cell‐based fluidic co‐culture model to investigate drug transport across the human placenta

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Schematic overview of a flow‐driven in vitro model of the human placental barrier designed to study transport processes during pregnancy. The model recreates key features of the maternal–fetal interface, enabling the investigation of how nutrients and therapeutic compounds cross the placental barrier under physiologically ...
Barbara Fuenzalida, Nadja Koechli, Edgar Ontsouka, Chennakesava Cuddapah, Martin Mueller, Bram Sengers, Frantisek Staud, Christiane Albrecht   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

A review of xenobiotic membrane transporter expression within the human placenta: Lessons gained from primary tissue and in vitro methodologies

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend A summary of the current knowledge around membrane transporter expression in the most widely used in vitro models of human trophoblasts, including primary placental tissue, cancer cell lines and trophoblast stem cells, as well as the techniques to attempt to mimic the human placenta in vivo.
Rhiannon Pass, Kathryn Wolton, Amanda N. Sferruzzi‐Perri   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Transfer of paracetamol across the placenta and fetal blood–brain barriers and its safety for use in pregnancy

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is commonly taken during pregnancy for pain and fever. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of paracetamol's effects during pregnancy, several elements need to be examined including the transfer of paracetamol across the placenta and into the developing brain, the short‐ and long‐term effects of ...
Yifan Huang, Liam Koehn
wiley   +1 more source

Maternal nutrition as a key determinant of placental and developing blood–brain barrier xenobiotic protective functions

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Suboptimal maternal nutrition alters placental and developing blood–brain barrier (BBB) protective function and is associated with increased fetal brain vulnerability. In the placenta, nutritional adversity may reduce the exchange surface area and promote meta‐inflammation, compromising barrier efficiency in a model‐ and context ...
Kristin L. Connor, Nycolle I. S. Souza, Bruno G. Anjos, Stephen G. Matthews, Enrrico Bloise   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Homeobox gene expression in extravillous trophoblasts in first trimester pregnancies

, 2007
Trophoblast dysfunction is a major factor in defect placentation, which is thought to be an important etiology of abortions. Homeobox genes are transcription factors that regulate the transcription of other genes. They encode highly conserved DNA-binding
Solberg, Gard, Gundersen, Bjørn Guillermo   +1 more
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