Results 21 to 30 of about 225,298 (259)

Measurements of intrahost viral diversity require an unbiased diversity metric [PDF]

Virus Evolution, 2019
Viruses exist within hosts at large population sizes and are subject to high rates of mutation. As such, viral populations exhibit considerable sequence diversity. A variety of summary statistics have been developed which describe, in a single number, the extent of diversity in a viral population; such measurements allow the diversities of different ...
Zhao, Lei, Illingworth, Christopher
openaire   +3 more sources

A marine viral halogenase that iodinates diverse substrates [PDF]

Nature Chemistry, 2019
Oceanic cyanobacteria are the most abundant oxygen-generating phototrophs on our planet and are therefore important to life. These organisms are infected by viruses called cyanophages, which have recently shown to encode metabolic genes that modulate host photosynthesis, phosphorus cycling and nucleotide metabolism.
Gkotsi, Danai S, Ludewig, Hannes, Sharma, Sunil V, Connolly, Jack A, Dhaliwal, Jagwinder, Wang, Yunpeng, Unsworth, William P, Taylor, Richard J K, McLachlan, Matthew M W, Shanahan, Stephen, Naismith, James H, Goss, Rebecca J M   +11 more
openaire   +8 more sources

Assessing the Diversity of Endogenous Viruses Throughout Ant Genomes

Frontiers in Microbiology, 2019
Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) can play a significant role in the evolution of their hosts and have been identified in animals, plants, and fungi.
Peter J. Flynn, Peter J. Flynn, Corrie S. Moreau, Corrie S. Moreau   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Raw Sewage Harbors Diverse Viral Populations [PDF]

mBio, 2011
ABSTRACT At this time, about 3,000 different viruses are recognized, but metagenomic studies suggest that these viruses are a small fraction of the viruses that exist in nature. We have explored viral diversity by deep sequencing nucleic acids obtained from virion populations enriched from raw sewage.
Cantalupo, Paul G, Calgua, Byron, Zhao, Guoyan, Hundesa, Ayalkibet, Wier, Adam D, Katz, Josh P, Grabe, MIchael, Hendrix, Roger W, Girones, Rosina, Wang, David, Pipas, James M   +10 more
openaire   +5 more sources

Coping with Viral Diversity in HIV Vaccine Design [PDF]

PLoS Computational Biology, 2007
The ability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to develop high levels of genetic diversity, and thereby acquire mutations to escape immune pressures, contributes to the difficulties in producing a vaccine. Possibly no single HIV-1 sequence can induce sufficiently broad immunity to protect against a wide variety of infectious strains, or ...
David C. Nickle, Morgane Rolland, Mark A. Jensen, Sergei L. Kosakovsky Pond, Wenjie Deng, Mark Seligman, David Heckerman, James I. Mullins, Nebojsa Jojic   +8 more
openaire   +5 more sources

Rhinovirus Biology, Antigenic Diversity, and Advancements in the Design of a Human Rhinovirus Vaccine

Frontiers in Microbiology, 2017
Human rhinovirus (HRV) remains a leading cause of several human diseases including the common cold. Despite considerable research over the last 60 years, development of an effective vaccine to HRV has been viewed by many as unfeasible due, in part, to ...
Christopher C. Stobart, Jenna M. Nosek, Martin L. Moore, Martin L. Moore   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Viral Complexity

Biomolecules, 2022
Although traditionally viewed as streamlined and simple, discoveries over the last century have revealed that viruses can exhibit surprisingly complex physical structures, genomic organization, ecological interactions, and evolutionary histories. Viruses
Frank O. Aylward, Mohammad Moniruzzaman
doaj   +1 more source

Five Challenges in the Field of Viral Diversity and Evolution [PDF]

Frontiers in Virology, 2021
Viral diversity and evolution play a central role in processes such as disease emergence, vaccine failure, drug resistance, and virulence. However, significant challenges remain to better understand and manage these processes. Here, we discuss five of these challenges.
Sanjuán, Rafael, Illingworth, Christopher J.R., Geoghegan, Jemma L., Iranzo, Jaime, Zwart, Mark P., Ciota, Alexander T., Moratorio, Gonzalo, Gago-Zachert, Selma, Duffy, Siobain, Vijaykrishna, Dhanasekaran   +9 more
openaire   +5 more sources

Metagenomic analysis of viral diversity in Portuguese bats. [PDF]

Vet Res Commun
Abstract Bats are highly diverse mammals and known reservoirs of numerous zoonotic viruses. Their role in the ecology of emerging infectious diseases continues to be of significant interest. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of coronaviruses (CoVs) in Portuguese bats and predict the affinity of their ...
Hemnani M, Karatas M, Cruz AVS, da Silva PG, Thompson G, Poeta P, Rebelo H, Matthijnssens J, Mesquita JR.   +8 more
europepmc   +7 more sources

Norovirus Epidemiology and Genetic Diversity in Leipzig, Germany during 2013–2017

Viruses, 2021
Globally and in all age groups, noroviruses are a main cause of gastroenteritis. To assess their local epidemiology and genetic diversity, stool samples of 7509 inpatients with gastrointestinal complaints from all age groups were analyzed.
Nora Ennuschat, Sabine Härtel, Corinna Pietsch, Uwe G. Liebert   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source