Avibirnavirus VP4 Protein Is a Phosphoprotein and Partially Contributes to the Cleavage of Intermediate Precursor VP4-VP3 Polyprotein. [PDF]
Birnavirus-encoded viral protein 4 (VP4) utilizes a Ser/Lys catalytic dyad mechanism to process polyprotein. Here three phosphorylated amino acid residues Ser538, Tyr611 and Thr674 within the VP4 protein of the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a ...
Sanying Wang +5 more
doaj +4 more sources
Development of a virtual phantom for HDR cervical cancer brachytherapy: A multi-institutional tool for training, quality assurance, and variability reduction. [PDF]
Background High‐dose‐rate brachytherapy (HDR‐BT) is a critical modality in the treatment of cervical cancer, requiring accurate and efficient treatment planning. Unlike external beam radiation therapy, HDR‐BT demands specialized skills and training.
Iijima K +10 more
europepmc +2 more sources
Recombinant porcine rotavirus VP4 and VP4-LTB expressed in Lactobacillus casei induced mucosal and systemic antibody responses in mice [PDF]
Background Porcine rotavirus infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the swine industry necessitating the development of effective vaccines for the prevention of infection.
Liu Min +5 more
doaj +3 more sources
Human rotavirus A (RVA) causes acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children. The broad use of two vaccines, which are based on RVA strains from Europe and North America, significantly reduced rotavirus disease burden worldwide.
Corinna Patzina-Mehling +2 more
exaly +3 more sources
Foot-and-mouth disease virus VP4 interferes with host interferon response by targeting the nuclear translocation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) [PDF]
Upon RNA virus infection, nuclear translocation of activated transcriptional factors via the RNA-sensing signal pathway is a key event in the interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral response, and a specific target of viral immune evasion.
Ashan Subasinghe +5 more
doaj +2 more sources
Characterization of grass carp reovirus minor core protein VP4 [PDF]
Background Grass Carp Reovirus (GCRV), a tentative member in the genus Aquareovirus of family Reoviridae, contains eleven segmented (double-stranded RNA) dsRNA genome which encodes 12 proteins.
Yan Liming +4 more
doaj +3 more sources
Recent Increase in Rotavirus Gastroenteritis After Five Years of Low Activity in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan, Associated With Equine-Like G3P[8] and G8P[8] Strains, 2025. [PDF]
ABSTRACT Rotavirus gastroenteritis decreased substantially worldwide during the COVID‐19 pandemic, and activity remained minimal in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan, for 5 years after 2020. Hospital‐based surveillance in Hokkaido since July 2019 identified the first resurgence of rotavirus gastroenteritis in 2025.
Fukuda Y +20 more
europepmc +2 more sources
Coxsackie B1 virus-like particle that lacks VP4 protein demonstrates improved vaccine scalability, stability and immunogenicity [PDF]
Background Enteroviruses, including coxsackievirus B1 (CVB1), cause severe diseases such as myocarditis and meningitis, but vaccines are lacking for most enteroviruses.
Saana Soppela +13 more
doaj +2 more sources
The genes encoding the glycoprotein VP7, the VP8* trypsin-cleavage product of the protein VP4, a fragment of the protein VP6 associated with subgroup (SG) specificity, and the enterotoxin NSP4 of rotavirus strains identified in diarrheic fecal samples of rabbits in Italy were sequenced.
Vito Martella +2 more
exaly +4 more sources
In Support of Simian Polyomavirus 40 VP4 as a Later Expressed Viroporin
Simian virus 40 VP4 was discovered in 2007 as a later expressed viral protein initiated from a downstream Met on the VP2/VP3 transcript. VP4’s role as a viroporin involved in viral release was supported in a series of additional articles that ...
Robert Daniels, Daniel N. Hebert
doaj +3 more sources

