Results 91 to 100 of about 416 (114)

Development, validation, and application of an LC–MS/MS method for mitragynine and 7‐hydroxymitragynine analysis in hair

Drug Testing and Analysis, 2020
AbstractThe entire scalp hair of a self‐declared Kratom consumer of 3 grams per day was acquired during an ethical committee approved study. As no values of the concentration in hair of the two Kratom alkaloids mitragynine or 7‐hydroxymitragynine were found in the literature, an already established method for the analysis of benzodiazepines/z ...
Ulf Meier, Katja Mercer‐Chalmers‐Bender, Eva Scheurer, Franz Dussy   +3 more
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Postmortem distribution of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine in 51 cases

Journal of Analytical Toxicology
Abstract The prevalence of mitragynine (kratom) in forensic toxicology casework has steadily increased over time. Readily available and currently legal, mitragynine is widely used for its stimulant and, depending on concentration, sedative effects.
Kei A Osawa, Robert D Johnson
openaire   +2 more sources

Abuse liability and therapeutic potential of theMitragyna speciosa(kratom) alkaloids mitragynine and 7‐hydroxymitragynine

Addiction Biology, 2018
AbstractKratom, derived from the plantMitragyna speciosa,is receiving increased attention as an alternative to traditional opiates and as a replacement therapy for opiate dependence. Mitragynine (MG) and 7‐hydroxymitragynine (7‐HMG) are major psychoactive constituents of kratom. While MG and 7‐HMG share behavioral and analgesic properties with morphine,
Scott E. Hemby, Scot McIntosh, Francisco Leon, Stephen J. Cutler, Christopher R. McCurdy   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Evaluation of In Vitro Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) Properties of Mitragynine, 7-Hydroxymitragynine, and Mitraphylline

Planta Medica, 2014
Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) is a popular herb in Southeast Asia, which is traditionally used to treat withdrawal symptoms associated with opiate addiction. Mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, and mitraphylline are reported to be the central nervous system active alkaloids which bind to the opiate receptors.
Vamshi K, Manda, Bharathi, Avula, Zulfiqar, Ali, Ikhlas A, Khan, Larry A, Walker, Shabana I, Khan   +5 more
openaire   +2 more sources

De facto opioids: Characterization of novel 7-hydroxymitragynine and mitragynine pseudoindoxyl product marketing

Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Within the past year, the online sale of semi-synthetic products containing chemicals derived from mitragynine, kratom's primary alkaloid: 7-hydroxymitragynine (7-OH) and mitragynine pseudoindoxyl (MP) has emerged. Both are highly selective mu opioid receptor agonists undetectable or not present in fresh kratom leaves and may, as constituents of novel ...
Katherine Hill, Edward W. Boyer, Oliver Grundmann, Kirsten E. Smith   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Antinociception, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms induced by 7-hydroxymitragynine, an alkaloid from the Thai medicinal herb Mitragyna speciosa

Life Sciences, 2005
7-Hydroxymitragynine is a potent opioid analgesic alkaloid isolated from the Thai medicinal herb Mitragyna speciosa. In the present study, we investigated the opioid receptor subtype responsible for the analgesic effect of this compound. In addition, we tested whether development of tolerance, cross-tolerance to morphine and naloxone-induced withdrawal
Kenjiro, Matsumoto, Syunji, Horie, Hiromitsu, Takayama, Hayato, Ishikawa, Norio, Aimi, Dhavadee, Ponglux, Toshihiko, Murayama, Kazuo, Watanabe   +7 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Substance Use Disorder Following Consumption of a Novel Synthetic 7-Hydroxymitragynine Product

Journal of Addiction Medicine
Background: Products containing semi-synthetic 7-hydroxymitragynine (7-OH), a potent mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist, have proliferated in the United States. In kratom leaf, trace amounts of 7-OH are formed by spontaneous oxidization of kratom’s primary alkaloid, mitragynine.
Brandon Reif, Alek Adkins, Edward W. Boyer, Siva Rama Raju Kanumuri, Abhisheak Sharma, Kirsten E. Smith   +5 more
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Antinociceptive effect of 7-hydroxymitragynine in mice: Discovery of an orally active opioid analgesic from the Thai medicinal herb Mitragyna speciosa

Life Sciences, 2004
Mitragynine is an indole alkaloid isolated from the Thai medicinal plant Mitragyna speciosa. We previously reported the morphine-like action of mitragynine and its related compounds in the in vitro assays. In the present study, we investigated the opioid effects of 7-hydroxymitragynine, which is isolated as its novel constituent, on contraction of ...
Kenjiro, Matsumoto, Syunji, Horie, Hayato, Ishikawa, Hiromitsu, Takayama, Norio, Aimi, Dhavadee, Ponglux, Kazuo, Watanabe   +6 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Simultaneous analysis of mitragynine, 7-hydroxymitragynine, and other alkaloids in the psychotropic plant “kratom” (Mitragyna speciosa) by LC-ESI-MS

Forensic Toxicology, 2009
The leaves of Mitragyna speciosa, a tropical plant known as “kratom,” have been traditionally used as a substitute for opium in Thailand and Malaysia. Mitragynine, a major constituent of M. speciosa, has an opioid agonistic activity, and its derivative 7-hydroxymitragynine (7-OH-mitragynine) (a minor constituent) is much more potent than mitragynine or
Ruri Kikura-Hanajiri, Maiko Kawamura, Takuro Maruyama, Mariko Kitajima, Hiromitsu Takayama, Yukihiro Goda   +5 more
openaire   +1 more source