An Investigation of Hepatitis B Virus Genome using Markov Models [PDF]
The human genome encodes a family of editing enzymes known as APOBEC3 (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3). Several family members, such as APO-BEC3G, APOBEC3F, and APOBEC3H haplotype II, exhibit activity against viruses such as HIV. These enzymes induce C-to-U mutations in the negative strand of viral genomes, resulting
arxiv
Folding of the apolipoprotein A1 driven by the salt concentration as a possible mechanism to improve cholesterol trapping [PDF]
The folding of the cholesterol trapping apolipoprotein A1 in aqueous solution at increasing ionic strength is studied using atomically detailed molecular dynamics simulations. We calculate various structural properties to characterize the conformation of the protein, such as the radius of gyration, the radial distribution function and the end to end ...
arxiv
A deep belief network-based method to identify proteomic risk markers for Alzheimer disease [PDF]
While a large body of research has formally identified apolipoprotein E (APOE) as a major genetic risk marker for Alzheimer disease, accumulating evidence supports the notion that other risk markers may exist. The traditional Alzheimer-specific signature analysis methods, however, have not been able to make full use of rich protein expression data ...
arxiv
Principal Regression for High Dimensional Covariance Matrices [PDF]
This manuscript presents an approach to perform generalized linear regression with multiple high dimensional covariance matrices as the outcome. Model parameters are proposed to be estimated by maximizing a pseudo-likelihood. When the data are high dimensional, the normal likelihood function is ill-posed as the sample covariance matrix is rank ...
arxiv
Classification theorems for the C*-algebras of graphs with sinks [PDF]
We consider graphs E which have been obtained by adding one or more sinks to a fixed directed graph G. We classify the C*-algebra of E up to a very strong equivalence relation, which insists, loosely speaking, that C*(G) is kept fixed. The main invariants are vectors W_E : G^0 -> N which describe how the sinks are attached to G; more precisely, the ...
arxiv
Observation of Cholesterol Dissolved in Microscopic Deposits of Free Fatty Acids in the Lumen of an Aorta of a Mouse Model for Human Atherosclerosis [PDF]
The Raman spectrum of microscopic droplets of lipid material on the lumen of the aorta of an apolipoprotein E knock-out mouse were reported in the proceedings of an SPIE conference. Based on the absence of the carbonyl band in the spectrum, at that time it was determined that the spectrum represents free fatty acids rather than triglycerides.
arxiv
Computing Ext for graph algebras [PDF]
For a row-finite graph G with no sinks and in which every loop has an exit, we construct an isomorphism between Ext(C*(G)) and coker(A-I), where A is the vertex matrix of G. If c is the class in Ext(C*(G)) associated to a graph obtained by attaching a sink to G, then this isomorphism maps c to the class of a vector which describes how the sink was ...
arxiv
Strong sums of projections in type ${\rm II}$ factors [PDF]
Let $M$ be a type ${\rm II}$ factor and let $\tau$ be the faithful positive semifinite normal trace, unique up to scalar multiples in the type ${\rm II}_\infty$ case and normalized by $\tau(I)=1$ in the type ${\rm II}_1$ case. Given $A\in M^+$, we denote by $A_+=(A-I)\chi_A(1,\|A\|]$ the excess part of $A$ and by $A_-=(I-A)\chi_A(0,1)$ the defect part ...
arxiv
Finite sums of projections in von Neumann algebras [PDF]
We first prove that in a sigma-finite von Neumann factor M, a positive element $a$ with properly infinite range projection R_a is a linear combination of projections with positive coefficients if and only if the essential norm ||a||_e with respect to the closed two-sided ideal J(M) generated by the finite projections of M does not vanish.
arxiv
The Second Main Theorem Vector for the modular regular representation of $C_2$ [PDF]
We study the ring of invariants for a finite dimensional representation $V$ of the group $C_2$ of order 2 in characteristic $2$. Let $\sigma$ denote a generator of $C_2$ and $\{x_1,y_1 \dots, x_m,y_m\}$ a basis of $V^*$. Then $\sigma(x_i) = x_i$, and $\sigma(y_i) = y_i + x_i$.
arxiv