Results 51 to 60 of about 123,114 (319)
The role of astrocytes in oxidative stress of central nervous system: A mixed blessing
Cell Proliferation, 2020 Central nervous system (CNS) maintains a high level of metabolism, which leads to the generation of large amounts of free radicals, and it is also one of the most vulnerable organs to oxidative stress.
Yaxing Chen +9 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
A Neural-Astrocytic Network Architecture: Astrocytic calcium waves modulate synchronous neuronal activity [PDF]
, 2018 Understanding the role of astrocytes in brain computation is a nascent challenge, promising immense rewards, in terms of new neurobiological knowledge that can be translated into artificial intelligence. In our ongoing effort to identify principles endow-ing the astrocyte with unique functions in brain computation, and translate them into neural ...
arxiv +1 more source
Crosstalk Between Astrocytes and Microglia: An Overview
Frontiers in Immunology, 2020 Based on discoveries enabled by new technologies and analysis using novel computational tools, neuroscience can be re-conceived in terms of information exchange in dense networks of intercellular connections rather than in the context of individual ...
A. Matejuk, R. Ransohoff
semanticscholar +1 more source
Applied Sciences, 2021 Astrocytes are known to regulate normal brain function. Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), an enzyme highly expressed in astrocytes, metabolizes dopamine (DA) and induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.
Shiori Akiyama +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1994 Glutamate, released at a majority of excitatory synapses in the central nervous system, depolarizes neurons by acting at specific receptors. Its action is terminated by removal from the synaptic cleft mostly via Na(+)-dependent uptake systems located on ...
L. Pellerin, P. Magistretti
semanticscholar +1 more source
Acta Neuropathologica Communications, 2021 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of age-related dementia. Increasing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation mediated by microglia and astrocytes contributes to disease progression and severity in AD and other neurodegenerative ...
Jong-sung Park +19 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Cells, 2019 Glutamate is one of the most prevalent neurotransmitters released by excitatory neurons in the central nervous system (CNS); however, residual glutamate in the extracellular space is, potentially, neurotoxic.
Shaimaa S. Mahmoud +3 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Cells, 2022 Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a motor neuron disorder leading to progressive loss of ventral horn neurons resulting in muscle wasting. Here we investigate the contribution of spinal astrocytes to the pathogenesis of late-onset SMA forms using a mouse ...
Markus Leo +6 more
doaj +1 more source
Active sulforhodamine 101 uptake into hippocampal astrocytes. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2012 Sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) is widely used as a marker of astrocytes. In this study we investigated labeling of astrocytes by SR101 in acute slices from the ventrolateral medulla and the hippocampus of transgenic mice expressing EGFP under the control of ...
Christian Schnell +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Astrocytic gliotransmission as a pathway for stable stimulation of post-synaptic spiking: Implications for working memory [PDF]
arXiv, 2023 The brain consists not only of neurons but also of non-neuronal cells, including astrocytes. Recent discoveries in neuroscience suggest that astrocytes directly regulate neuronal activity by releasing gliotransmitters such as glutamate. In this paper, we consider a biologically plausible mathematical model of a tripartite neuron-astrocyte network.
arxiv