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Immunogenicity of botulinum toxin [PDF]
Archives of Plastic Surgery, 2022 Botulinum toxin treatment is the most common non-surgical cosmetic treatment. Although there are many available treatments using botulinum toxin, their effects are temporary and repeated injections are required. These frequent injections can trigger an immunological response. In addition, botulinum toxin acts as an antigen in the body; thus, its effect
Syeo Young Wee, Eun Soo Park
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Immunogenicity of botulinum toxins [PDF]
Journal of Neural Transmission, 2012 Botulinum neurotoxins are formulated biologic pharmaceuticals used therapeutically to treat a wide variety of chronic conditions, with varying governmental approvals by country. Some of these disorders include cervical dystonia, post-stroke spasticity, blepharospasm, migraine, and hyperhidrosis.
Naumann, Markus +3 more
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Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences, 2021 Background and objective: The gold standard for the treatment of chronic anal fissure is lateral internal sphincterotomy. Botulinum toxin injection provides temporary alleviation of sphincter spasm and allows the fissure to heal.
Abdulqadir M. Zngana, Bawan Hiwa
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Headache and botulinum toxin [PDF]
The Journal of Headache and Pain, 2005 The authors discuss clinical and international experience about botulinum toxins (BTX types A and B) in headache treatment. Data from literature suggest good results for the treatment of tension-type headache, migraine and chronic tension-type headache. In the present paper mechanisms of action and injection sites will also be discussed.
Massimo Camerlingo, Mauro Porta
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Current status and future directions of botulinum neurotoxins for targeting pain processing. [PDF]
, 2015 Current evidence suggests that botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) A1 and B1, given locally into peripheral tissues such as skin, muscles, and joints, alter nociceptive processing otherwise initiated by inflammation or nerve injury in animal models and humans.
Pellett, Sabine +2 more
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The Effects of Botulinum Toxin (BTXA) Dermal Injections on Facial Wrinkle Lines. [PDF]
Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, 2013 Facial rejuvenation using Botulinum toxin A is one of the most popular aesthetic procedures. Many cosmetic applications of Botulinum toxin A are under evaluation.
Sung Chul Park +3 more
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Indian Journal of Dermatology, 2010 Botulinum toxin, one of the most poisonous biological substances known, is a neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. C. botulinum elaborates eight antigenically distinguishable exotoxins (A, B, C(1), C(2), D, E, F and G). All serotypes interfere with neural transmission by blocking the release of acetylcholine, the principal ...
Nigam P, Nigam Anjana
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Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, 2012 Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic ...
Brodsky, Matthew A. +2 more
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The clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of cognitive impairments in Parkinson's disease
Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика, 2017 The review presents the data of recent studies dealing with cognitive impairments (CI) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and gives their characteristics and epidemiology, the specific features of the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations, as ...
G. N. Akhmadeeva +3 more
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Reductive chain separation of botulinum A toxin — a prerequisite to its inhibitory action on exocytosis in chromaffin cells [PDF]
, 1989 Cleavage of the disulfide bond linking the heavy and the light chains of tetanus toxin is necessary for its inhibitory action on exocytotic release ofcatecholamines from permeabi1ized chromaffin cells [(1989) FEBS Lett. 242, 245-248; (1989) J. Neurochern.
Ahnert-Hilger +25 more
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