Results 81 to 90 of about 26,568 (204)

Microgravity‐induced changes in skeletal muscle and possible countermeasures: What we can learn from bed rest and human space studies

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Despite exercise countermeasures to sustain health and performance in spaceflight, complete maintenance of muscle mass and functions in microgravity is still not possible for most astronauts. The principal cause of the limited effectiveness of existing exercise countermeasures is the difficulty in achieving full loading forces in space.
Alessandra Bosutti, Bergita Ganse, Nicola A. Maffiuletti, Rob C. I. Wüst, Gustav J. Strijkers, Andy Sanderson, Hans Degens   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Metabolic stress response implicated in diabetic retinopathy: The role of calpain, and the therapeutic impact of calpain inhibitor

Neurobiology of Disease, 2012
To describe how a high fat diet (HFD) and hyperglycemia initiate a sequence of calpain activation and oxidative stress associated with neuro-degenerative changes in diabetic retinopathy (DR), hyperglycemia was induced with streptozotocin in mice lacking ...
Ahmed Y. Shanab, Toru Nakazawa, Morin Ryu, Yuji Tanaka, Noriko Himori, Keiko Taguchi, Masayuki Yasuda, Ryo Watanabe, Jiro Takano, Takaomi Saido, Naoko Minegishi, Toshio Miyata, Toshiaki Abe, Masayuki Yamamoto   +13 more
doaj   +1 more source

Intermittent low‐intensity contractions cause a dissociation between maximal motor unit firing rates and changes in torque and contractile speed

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract The purpose was to test: (1) whether the decline in maximal motor unit (MU) firing rate is an invariable response when maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque is reduced following a submaximal muscle fatiguing task; and (2) whether fatigue‐induced slowing of contractile speed and firing rate decline are co‐dependent. Ten participants (three
Alexander M. Zero, Raaj A. Dudani, Jacob Fanous, Charles L. Rice   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Effect of exercise training on calpain systems in lean and obese Zucker rats

International Journal of Biological Sciences, 2008
Exercise training plays a major role in the improving physiology of diabetes. Herein we aimed to investigate the influence of exercise upon the calcium-dependent calpain-isoform expressions of lean or obese Zucker rats, a model of obesity and type II ...
Yao-Yuan Hsieh, Chi-Chen Chang, Kung-Hao Hsu, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Chih-Ping Chen, Horng-Der Tsai
doaj  

Ageing alters cysteine oxidation‐regulated redox signalling in skeletal muscle: Integrative omics and AI‐based structural predictions

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Ageing is associated with loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia) and disrupted redox homeostasis. Redox signalling is essential for muscle adaptation, yet the mechanisms by which ageing disrupts cysteine‐based regulation are poorly defined. The drivers of site‐specific reactivity and signalling specificity in aged muscle remain
Ufuk Ersoy, Malcolm J. Jackson
wiley   +1 more source

Death of cortical and striatal neurons induced by mitochondrial defect involves differential molecular mechanisms

Neurobiology of Disease, 2004
An important aspect of Huntington's disease (HD) pathogenesis which may have important therapeutic implications is that the cellular events leading to cell death may be different in cortical and striatal neurons.
Marie-Christine Galas, Nicolas Bizat, Laetitia Cuvelier, Kadiombo Bantubungi, Emmanuel Brouillet, Serge N Schiffmann, David Blum   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Canonical and non‐canonical functions of proteins regulating mitochondrial dynamics in mammalian physiology

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that continuously remodel their architecture through coordinated cycles of fusion and fission. This review examines the four key GTPases that orchestrate mitochondrial dynamics in mammals: MFN1, MFN2, OPA1, and DRP1.
Rémi Chaney, Vincent Marcangeli, Krystel Desjardins, Shima Taherkhani, Gilles Gouspillou   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Gene expression profiling in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2A.

PLoS ONE, 2008
Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A (LGMD2A) is a recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in calpain 3 (CAPN3). Calpain 3 plays different roles in muscular cells, but little is known about its functions or in vivo substrates.
Amets Sáenz, Margarita Azpitarte, Rubén Armañanzas, France Leturcq, Ainhoa Alzualde, Iñaki Inza, Federico García-Bragado, Gaspar De la Herran, Julián Corcuera, Ana Cabello, Carmen Navarro, Carolina De la Torre, Eduard Gallardo, Isabel Illa, Adolfo López de Munain   +14 more
doaj   +1 more source

Role of calpain system in meat tenderness: A review

Food Science and Human Wellness, 2018
Aging is a popular method used by meat industry for improving the sensory attributes of meat. Despite the advent of many novel technologies, aging has not lost its charm and is still widely used commercially as a post-mortem intervention for ...
Z.F. Bhat, James D. Morton, Susan L. Mason, Alaa El-Din A. Bekhit   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Intramuscular pathways of maladaptation in overtraining syndrome

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend The transition from adaptive overreaching to maladaptive overtraining and mechanisms through which excessive training load can lead to performance decline. Four interconnected pathophysiological domains are highlighted: neural fatigue, involving both central and peripheral components such as altered sensory feedback and reflex ...
Emily Shorter, Oscar Horwath, Sabrina Tzivia Barsky, Ferdinand von Walden, Johanna T. Lanner   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source