Results 11 to 20 of about 26,352 (303)
PLoS Biology, 2020 In most plants, centromeric DNA contains highly repetitive sequences, including tandem repeats and retrotransposons; however, the roles of these sequences in the structure and function of the centromere are unclear.
Yalin Liu +5 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Centromere size scales with genome size across Eukaryotes
Scientific Reports, 2021 Previous studies on grass species suggested that the total centromere size (sum of all centromere sizes in a cell) may be determined by the genome size, possibly because stable scaling is important for proper cell division. However, it is unclear whether
Klára Plačková +2 more
doaj +1 more source
The centromere comes into focus: from CENP-A nucleosomes to kinetochore connections with the spindle
Open Biology, 2020 Eukaryotic chromosome segregation relies upon specific connections from DNA to the microtubule-based spindle that forms at cell division. The chromosomal locus that directs this process is the centromere, where a structure called the kinetochore forms ...
Kathryn Kixmoeller +2 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Chromosome Y centromere array deletion leads to impaired centromere function. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2014 The centromere is an essential chromosomal structure that is required for the faithful distribution of replicated chromosomes to daughter cells. Defects in the centromere can compromise the stability of chromosomes resulting in segregation errors.
Alison N Graham, Paul Kalitsis
doaj +1 more source
A Taz1- and Microtubule-Dependent Regulatory Relationship between Telomere and Centromere Positions in Bouquet Formation Secures Proper Meiotic Divisions. [PDF]
PLoS Genetics, 2016 During meiotic prophase, telomeres cluster, forming the bouquet chromosome arrangement, and facilitate homologous chromosome pairing. In fission yeast, bouquet formation requires switching of telomere and centromere positions.
Kazuhiro Katsumata +8 more
doaj +1 more source
Super-Resolution Microscopy Reveals Diversity of Plant Centromere Architecture
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020 Centromeres are essential for proper chromosome segregation to the daughter cells during mitosis and meiosis. Chromosomes of most eukaryotes studied so far have regional centromeres that form primary constrictions on metaphase chromosomes.
V. Schubert +8 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
The Birth of the Centromere [PDF]
Cell Cycle, 2007 The centromere is the region of the eukaryotic chromosome that determines kinetochore formation and sister chromatid cohesion. Centromeres interact with spindle microtubules to ensure chromatid segregation during mitosis and homologous chromosome segregation during meiosis I.
Esteban Montejo de Garcíni +3 more
openaire +2 more sources
Holocentromeres can consist of merely a few megabase-sized satellite arrays
Nature Communications, 2023 The centromere is the chromosome region where microtubules attach during cell division. In contrast to monocentric chromosomes with one centromere, holocentric species usually distribute hundreds of centromere units along the entire chromatid.
Yi-Tzu Kuo +17 more
doaj +1 more source
Beyond the GTP‐cap: Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of microtubule catastrophe
BioEssays, Volume 45, Issue 1, January 2023., 2023 Microtubule dynamics are essential for myriad cellular processes. The switching between microtubule growth and shrinkage is traditionally explained by the loss of a protective “cap” of GTP‐bound tubulin subunits from the growing microtubule end. New research shows that features beyond the nucleotide content at the growing end impact microtubule ...
Veronica J. Farmer, Marija Zanic
wiley +1 more source
How germline genes promote malignancy in cancer cells
BioEssays, Volume 45, Issue 1, January 2023., 2023 We hypothesize that activation of a “germline program” promotes oncogenesis. Expression of otherwise germline specific genes may result in pseudomeiotic activity, thereby promoting oncogenesis through genomic instability. Other processes that are differentially regulated in the germline, such as migration and epigenetic – and metabolic plasticity, may ...
Jan Willem Bruggeman +4 more
wiley +1 more source