Results 21 to 30 of about 92,899 (342)
Gross Chromosomal Rearrangement at Centromeres
Biomolecules, 2023 Centromeres play essential roles in the faithful segregation of chromosomes. CENP-A, the centromere-specific histone H3 variant, and heterochromatin characterized by di- or tri-methylation of histone H3 9th lysine (H3K9) are the hallmarks of centromere ...
Ran Xu, Ziyi Pan, Takuro Nakagawa
doaj +1 more source
Experimental Cell Research, 2020 Centromeres are the eukaryotic chromosomal sites at which the kinetochore forms and attaches to spindle microtubules to orchestrate chromosomal segregation in mitosis and meiosis.
P. Talbert, S. Henikoff
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PLoS Biology, 2020 In most plants, centromeric DNA contains highly repetitive sequences, including tandem repeats and retrotransposons; however, the roles of these sequences in the structure and function of the centromere are unclear.
Ya-Lin Liu +5 more
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Centromere size scales with genome size across Eukaryotes
Scientific Reports, 2021 Previous studies on grass species suggested that the total centromere size (sum of all centromere sizes in a cell) may be determined by the genome size, possibly because stable scaling is important for proper cell division. However, it is unclear whether
Klára Plačková +2 more
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The centromere comes into focus: from CENP-A nucleosomes to kinetochore connections with the spindle
Open Biology, 2020 Eukaryotic chromosome segregation relies upon specific connections from DNA to the microtubule-based spindle that forms at cell division. The chromosomal locus that directs this process is the centromere, where a structure called the kinetochore forms ...
Kathryn Kixmoeller +2 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Dynamic epigenetic states of maize centromeres
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2015 The centromere is a specialized chromosomal region identified as the major constriction, upon which the kinetochore complex is formed, ensuring accurate chromosome orientation and segregation during cell division.
Yalin eLiu +5 more
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A Taz1- and Microtubule-Dependent Regulatory Relationship between Telomere and Centromere Positions in Bouquet Formation Secures Proper Meiotic Divisions. [PDF]
PLoS Genetics, 2016 During meiotic prophase, telomeres cluster, forming the bouquet chromosome arrangement, and facilitate homologous chromosome pairing. In fission yeast, bouquet formation requires switching of telomere and centromere positions.
Kazuhiro Katsumata +8 more
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Holocentric Chromosomes of Luzula elegans Are Characterized by a Longitudinal Centromere Groove, Chromosome Bending, and a Terminal Nucleolus Organizer Region [PDF]
, 2011 The structure of holocentric chromosomes was analyzed in mitotic cells of Luzula elegans. Light and scanning electron microscopy observations provided evidence for the existence of a longitudinal groove along each sister chromatid.
Houben, A. +15 more
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Holocentromeres can consist of merely a few megabase-sized satellite arrays
Nature Communications, 2023 The centromere is the chromosome region where microtubules attach during cell division. In contrast to monocentric chromosomes with one centromere, holocentric species usually distribute hundreds of centromere units along the entire chromatid.
Yi-Tzu Kuo +17 more
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Super-Resolution Microscopy Reveals Diversity of Plant Centromere Architecture
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020 Centromeres are essential for proper chromosome segregation to the daughter cells during mitosis and meiosis. Chromosomes of most eukaryotes studied so far have regional centromeres that form primary constrictions on metaphase chromosomes.
V. Schubert +8 more
semanticscholar +1 more source