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Keep Fingers on the CpG Islands [PDF]
EpigenomesThe post-genomic era has ushered in the extensive application of epigenetic editing tools, allowing for precise alterations of gene expression. The use of reprogrammable editors that carry transcriptional corepressors has significant potential for long ...
Xing Zhang +2 more
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Orphan CpG islands as alternative promoters [PDF]
Transcription, 2018 CpG islands (CGIs) are associated with ∼60% of mammalian promoters. Most unmethylated CGIs exhibit transcriptional activity, which has led to their co-option as promoters by retrogenes. CGIs may also serve as alternative promoters for downstream genes with methylated promoters, with implications on aberrant activation of oncogenes in cancer phenotypes.
ShrutiI Sarda, Sridhar Hannenhalli
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The Role of H3K4 Trimethylation in CpG Islands Hypermethylation in Cancer [PDF]
Biomolecules, 2021 CpG methylation in transposons, exons, introns and intergenic regions is important for long-term silencing, silencing of parasitic sequences and alternative promoters, regulating imprinted gene expression and determining X chromosome inactivation ...
Giuseppe Zardo
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De novo DNA methyltransferase activity in colorectal cancer is directed towards H3K36me3 marked CpG islands [PDF]
Nature Communications, 2021 Aberrant gain of DNA methylation at CpG islands is frequently observed in colorectal tumours. Here the authors use ectopically integrated CpG islands in colorectal cancer cells and find that aberrantly methylated CpG islands are subject to low levels of ...
Roza H. Ali Masalmeh +13 more
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CpG island mapping by epigenome prediction. [PDF]
PLoS Computational Biology, 2007 CpG islands were originally identified by epigenetic and functional properties, namely, absence of DNA methylation and frequent promoter association. However, this concept was quickly replaced by simple DNA sequence criteria, which allowed for genome ...
Christoph Bock +3 more
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Modeling methylation dynamics with simultaneous changes in CpG islands [PDF]
BMC Bioinformatics, 2020 Background In vertebrate genomes, CpG sites can be clustered into CpG islands, and the amount of methylation in a CpG island can change due to gene regulation processes.
Konrad Grosser, Dirk Metzler
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QUFIND: tool for comparative prediction and mining of G4 quadruplexes overlapping with CpG islands [PDF]
Frontiers in Genetics, 2023 G-quadruplexes (G4s) are secondary structures in DNA that have been shown to be involved in gene regulation. They play a vital role in the cellular processes and several pathogens including bacteria, fungi, and viruses have also been shown to possess G4s
Baljeet Kaur +3 more
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CpG islands – ‘A rough guide’ [PDF]
FEBS Letters, 2009 Mammalian genomes are punctuated by DNA sequences containing an atypically high frequency of CpG sites termed CpG islands (CGIs). CGIs generally lack DNA methylation and associate with the majority of annotated gene promoters. Many studies, however, have identified examples of CGI methylation in malignant cells, leading to improper gene silencing.
Robert S Illingworth, Adrian P Bird
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Nucleosome wrapping energy in CpG islands and the role of epigenetic base modifications [PDF]
eLifeThe majority of vertebrate promoters have a distinct DNA composition, known as a CpG island. Cytosine methylation in promoter CpG islands is associated with a substantial reduction of transcription initiation.
Rasa Giniūnaitė +4 more
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PROSER1 mediates TET2 O-GlcNAcylation to regulate DNA demethylation on UTX-dependent enhancers and CpG islands [PDF]
Life Science Alliance, 2022 PROSER1 promotes the interaction between TET2 and the glycosyltransferase OGT to regulate TET2 O-GlcNAcylation and stability on genomic elements that depend on the activity of the MLL3/4 complexes.
Xiaokang Wang +10 more
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