Results 261 to 270 of about 507,510 (307)
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Microbial and viral drug resistance mechanisms
Trends in Microbiology, 2002Microorganisms and viruses have developed numerous resistance mechanisms that enable them to evade the effect of antimicrobials and antivirals. As a result, many have become resistant to almost every available means of treatment. This problem, although not new, is becoming increasingly acute and it is now clear that a fundamental understanding of the ...
Kenneth S, McKeegan +2 more
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Viral Drug Resistance and Fitness
2008Publisher Summary This chapter presents recent findings related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐1 drug resistance and fitness. Antiretroviral therapy is a form of extrinsic pressure applied against the HIV‐1 that reduces replication but also selects for variants with reduced sensitivity to this pressure.
Miguel E, Quiñones-Mateu +4 more
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The intersection between viral oncolysis, drug resistance, and autophagy
Biological Chemistry, 2015Abstract Resistance to both cytotoxic and targeted therapies is a major problem facing cancer treatment. The mechanisms of resistance to unrelated drugs share many common features, including up-regulation of detoxifying pathways, activation of pro-survival mechanisms, and ineffective induction of cell death.
Beljanski, Vladimir +2 more
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HIV drug resistance and viral fitness
2000Publisher Summary The first documented cases of HIV drug resistance concerned AZT (zidovudine), a nucleoside analog that inhibits HIV replication by virtue of its activity, as a DNA chain terminator. Several mutations in the viral reverse transcriptase (RT), the enzyme that transcribes virion RNA into DNA in the newly infected cell, were identified ...
F, Clavel, E, Race, F, Mammano
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Designing a low-cost drug resistance database for viral hepatitis
Antiviral Therapy, 2010Plans are outlined for a new database for hepatitis antiviral drug resistance mutations that will be closely linked to existing sequence databases. The new database will contain an infrastructure to store all available information on drug resistance mutations for the virus and a mutation can be searched by itself or in conjunction with the sequence ...
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Surveillance of Multi Drug Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Virally Infected Broilers
International Journal of Veterinary Science, 2022One health call to ensure human, animal and environment safety put on a major responsibility on the animal health care sector starting with identifying the circulating pathogens and its multi drug resistant (MDR) patterns. This study was conducted on total 283 diseased broilers collected from small broilers flocks in Giza and El-Kalubia province, Egypt.
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Genotypic antiretroviral drug resistance testing at low viral loads in the UK
HIV Medicine, 2008BackgroundAntiretroviral drug resistance testing is recommended in HIV‐1 infected patients failing therapy in order to inform treatment selection. Although guidelines and test manufacturers recommend a viral load of at least 500–1000 HIV‐1 RNA copies/mL for genotypic resistance testing to be performed, prompt management of virological failure could ...
Cane, P. A. +8 more
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Effects of drug resistance on viral load in patients failing antiretroviral therapy
Journal of Medical Virology, 2006Previous studies on patients who develop drug resistant HIV-1 variants have shown that continued use of failing regimens might provide clinical benefit. However, the effect of long-term exposure to drug resistant variants may lead to emergence of compensatory mutations that may jeopardize this effect.
Machouf, N. +6 more
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Models of Viral Kinetics and Drug Resistance in HIV-1 Infection
AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 1998Mathematical models have become an increasingly valuable tool in HIV research. In particular, the mathematical analysis of drug-induced perturbations of the steady-state viral load in chronically infected patients has led to fundamental new insights into HIV dynamics in vivo and demonstrated that there is highly active viral replication throughout the ...
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Viral quasispecies and the problem of vaccine-escape and drug-resistant mutants
1997Since a first version of this article on the relevance of quasispecies to viral disease control was published by one of us [1], an explosion of information on viral quasispecies has been gathered by several groups. For many viruses, extreme complexity at the population level has been documented by direct copying into cDNA of viral RNA extracted from ...
E, Domingo +8 more
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