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Evolution of embryonic development in nematodes [PDF]
Nematodes can be subdivided into basal Enoplea (clades 1 and 2) and more derived Chromadorea (clades 3 to 12). Embryogenesis of Caenorhabditis elegans (clade 9) has been analyzed in most detail. Their establishment of polarity and asymmetric cleavage requires the differential localization of PAR proteins.
Jens Schulze, Einhard Schierenberg
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Mechanobiology of Embryonic Limb Development [PDF]
Abstract: Considerable evidence exists to support the hypothesis that mechanical forces have an essential role in healthy embryonic skeletal development. Clinical observations and experimental data indicate the importance of muscle contractions for limb development.
Prendergast, Patrick+2 more
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Signaling dynamics and embryonic development [PDF]
During embryonic development, signaling molecules convey positional information within the embryo and direct cells to adopt particular fates. A crucial question is how do the receiving cells of the embryo interpret these signals? While most work on this issue has focused on the biochemical and genetic dissection of the molecular circuitry of signal ...
Eric D. Siggia+2 more
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Activating embryonic development in Drosophila
The transition from oocyte to embryo marks the onset of development. This process requires complex regulation to link developmental signals with profound changes in mRNA translation, cell cycle control, and metabolism. This control is beginning to be understood for most organisms, and research in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has generated new ...
Aviles Pagan, Emir Enrique+1 more
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Mechanisms of embryonic stomach development [PDF]
The stomach is a digestive organ that has important roles in human physiology and pathophysiology. The developmental origin of the stomach is the embryonic foregut, which also gives rise a number of other structures. There are several signaling pathways and transcription factors that are known to regulate stomach development at different stages ...
James M. Wells, Kyle W. McCracken
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Effects of Histones on Embryonic Development
I HAVE recently examined in detail the effects of actinomycin D, an inhibitor of UNA polymerase and of messenger RNA synthesis, on the development of amphibian eggs1,2. It is now known that histones also inhibit UNA polymerase3,4 and it has been suggested that they could act as the natural regulators of genetic activity5,6; by combining with specific ...
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MicroRNAs in embryonic stem cells and early embryonic development [PDF]
Introduction miRNAs in early embryogenesis miRNAs in embryonic stem cells Roles of specific miRNAs in early embryogenesis Roles of specific miRNAs in embryonic stem cells miRNAs with common seed sequences Conclusion AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of a broad range of biological processes.
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Embryonic development of the liver† [PDF]
Stephen A. Duncan, Roong Zhao
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The role of retinoic acid in embryonic and post-embryonic development [PDF]
Retinoic acid (RA) is the bioactive metabolite of vitamin A (retinol) which acts on cells to establish or change the pattern of gene activity. Retinol is converted to RA by the action of two types of enzyme, retinol dehydrogenases and retinal dehydrogenases.
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Esterase Activity in Embryonic Development
SummaryEsterase patterns characteristic for duodenum, liver, and pancreas in different stages of avian embryo development were studied with polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. Embryonic and adult rat tissues were studied for comparison. It was found that the electrophoretic patterns of chicken liver and duodenum were similar for all developmental ...
Z. Szafran, Kenneth S. McCarty
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