Maximizing expectancy violation and exposure outcomes in patients with PTSD [PDF]
European Journal of PsychotraumatologyBackground: It has been proposed that maximizing expectancy violation enhances the efficacy of exposure therapy. The clinical utility of expectancy violation remains unclear and it has not yet been studied in PTSD.Objective: We aimed to test whether ...
Marike J Kooistra +2 more
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Virtually Unexpected: No Role for Expectancy Violation in Virtual Reality Exposure for Public Speaking Anxiety [PDF]
Frontiers in Psychology, 2019 In the current study, we examined the role of expectancy violation and retrospective reasoning about the absence of feared outcomes in virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET). Participants fearful of public speaking were asked to give speeches in virtual
Sara Scheveneels +2 more
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The Role of Expectancy Violation in Extinction Learning: A Two-Day Online Fear Conditioning Study [PDF]
Clinical Psychology in Europe, 2023 [Background] Exposure therapy is at the core of the treatment of pathological anxiety. While the inhibitory learning model proposes a framework for the mechanisms underlying exposure therapy, in particular expectancy violation, causal evidence for its ...
Daniel Gromer +2 more
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Mechanisms of exposure and response prevention in obsessive-compulsive disorder: effects of habituation and expectancy violation on short-term outcome in cognitive behavioral therapy [PDF]
BMC Psychiatry, 2022 Background Exposure and response prevention is effective and recommended as the first choice for treating obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD). Its mechanisms of action are rarely studied, but two major theories make distinct assumptions: while the ...
Björn Elsner +4 more
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Neural Mechanisms of Reciprocity Availability and Expectancy Violation During Social Interaction [PDF]
Brain SciencesBackground: Reciprocity is a core mechanism of social bonding, signaling whether others are available and willing to provide support. The perception of reciprocity availability fosters trust and belonging, whereas its absence may elicit expectancy ...
Daniele Olivo +4 more
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Potential interactive effect of positive expectancy violation and sleep on memory consolidation in dogs [PDF]
Scientific ReportsIn dogs, as in humans, both emotional and learning pretreatment affect subsequent behaviour and sleep. Although learning often occurs in an emotional-social context, the emotion-learning interplay in such context remain mainly unknown.
Vivien Reicher +3 more
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Expectation violation reduces the accessibility of implicit suicidal concepts and explicit life concepts [PDF]
Frontiers in PsychologyIntroductionTerror Management Theory posits that threats to cultural worldviews increase death concept accessibility. Suicide and death concepts are related and jointly represent the fear of life.
Bo Liu +5 more
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The feedback related negativity encodes both social rejection and explicit social expectancy violation. [PDF]
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2014 Humans consistently make predictions about the valence of future events and use feedbacks to update initial predictions. While the valence of outcomes provides utilitarian information, the accuracy of predictions is crucial for future performance ...
Rongjun eYu, Sai eSun
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Is what's unexpected undesirable? Investigating the expectedness and desirability of gender-stereotypic behaviors in men and women. [PDF]
PLoS ONEWhen men and women engage in counter-stereotypic behaviors, they often face penalties for violating gender norms; however, there is evidence that men and women are not always penalized, and are sometimes even rewarded for engaging in counter-stereotypic ...
Hannah B Eareckson, Madeline E Heilman
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Expectancy Violations and Discontinuance Behavior in Live-Streaming Commerce: Exploring Human Interactions with Virtual Streamers [PDF]
Behavioral SciencesVirtual streamers, as a typical application of AI-enabled digital humans, are increasingly being utilized in live-streaming commerce due to technological advancements and industry innovations. Although virtual streamers present several benefits, there is
Yanhong Chen, Xiangxia Li
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