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Fear Potentiation and Fear Inhibition in a Human Fear-Potentiated Startle Paradigm
Biological Psychiatry, 2005The inability to suppress excessive fear or anxiety is a significant clinical problem. In the laboratory, extinction is a preferred method for the study of fear inhibition; however, in this paradigm the same stimulus causes both elicitation (excitation) and inhibition of fear, making it difficult to know whether an experimental manipulation that ...
Tanja, Jovanovic +5 more
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Testing neurophysiological markers related to fear-potentiated startle
Psychiatry Research, 2018Fear-potentiated startle (FPS) paradigms provide insight into fear learning mechanisms that contribute to impairment among individuals with posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Electrophysiology also has provided insight into these mechanisms through the examination of event-related potentials (ERPs) such as the P100 and LPP.
Antonia V Seligowski +2 more
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Benzodiazepines have no effect on fear-potentiated startle in humans
Psychopharmacology, 2002Pre-clinical and clinical investigations have provided a great deal of evidence that the fear-potentiated startle paradigm represents a valid model for the objective assessment of emotional states of anxiety and fear.The four studies presented in this report sought to further validate the "threat of shock" paradigm as a human analogue to fear ...
Johanna Baas +2 more
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Fear-potentiated startle in posttraumatic stress disorder
Biological Psychiatry, 1995Exaggerated startle is reputed to be one of the cardinal symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, objective studies have given conflicting results as to whether or not startle is increased in PTSD. The present study investigated startle in PTSD during the threat of shock (fear-potentiated startle).
C A, Morgan +4 more
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Fear-potentiated startle, but not light-enhanced startle, is enhanced by anxiogenic drugs
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 2010The light-enhanced startle paradigm (LES) is suggested to model anxiety, because of the non-specific cue and the long-term effect. In contrast, the fear-potentiated startle (FPS) is suggested to model conditioned fear. However, the pharmacological profiles of these two paradigms are very similar.
Bijlsma, E.Y. +3 more
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Olfactory-mediated fear-potentiated startle.
Behavioral Neuroscience, 2002Recently, R. Richardson, A. Vishney, and J. Lee (1999) reported that ambient odor cues that were previously paired with footshock potentiate the acoustic startle response in rats. The authors of the present study extend those findings by using a discrete 4-s amyl acetate odor paired with footshock to address several parametric issues that might be ...
Gayla Y, Paschall, Michael, Davis
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Fear‐Potentiated Startle in Rats
Current Protocols in Neuroscience, 2001AbstractFear‐potentiated startle measures the increase in the startle reflex elicited by a sudden noise in the presence of a cue that has previously been paired with footshock. It involves an initial training session in which a cue, such as a light, is paired with footshock, and then a later test session in which startle is elicited in the presence or ...
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Control conditions in the fear-potentiated startle response paradigm
NeuroReport, 1997In the present study, the fear-potentiated startle response paradigm was modified in order to investigate the decrease in control startle levels often observed after administration of anxiolytic drugs. The within-animal comparison of control startle amplitudes and fear-potentiated startle amplitudes normally used was replaced by a between-animal ...
Joordens, R.J.E. +3 more
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Fear‐Potentiated Startle in Mice
Current Protocols in Neuroscience, 2002AbstractPavlovian fear conditioning is frequently used to assess the behavioral, physiological, genetic and molecular correlates of learning and memory. In the typical Pavlovian conditioned fear procedure a neutral stimulus, such as a tone, is paired with a mildly aversive stimulus such as a foot shock.
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Fear-potentiated startle in adolescent offspring of parents with anxiety disordersf
Biological Psychiatry, 1998 The startle reflex and its potentiation by aversive states was used as a possible vulnerability marker for anxiety disorders in adolescent offspring of parents with this condition.The participants were 39 low-risk adolescents (16 male/23 female) with a parental history of no psychiatric disorder and 35 high-risk adolescents (18 male/17 female) with a ...
Christian Grillon, Kathleen R Merikangas
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