Stability analysis of a hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis model with inclusion of glucocorticoid receptor and memory [PDF]
AIP Conference Proceedings 1798, 020111, 2017, 2016 This paper analyzes a four-dimensional model of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis that includes the influence of the glucocorticoid receptor in the pituitary. Due to the spatial separation between the hypothalamus, pituitary and adrenal glands, distributed time delays are introduced in the mathematical model.
arxiv +1 more source
Reduced steroid activation of elephant shark glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors after inserting four amino acids from the DNA-binding domain of lamprey corticoid receptor-1 [PDF]
arXiv, 2023 Atlantic sea lamprey contains two corticoid receptors (CRs), CR1 and CR2, that are identical except for a four amino acid insert (Thr-Arg-Gln-Gly) in the CR1 DNA-binding domain (DBD). Steroids are stronger transcriptional activators of CR2 than of CR1 suggesting that the insert reduces the transcriptional response of lamprey CR1 to steroids. The DBD in
arxiv
Brief increases in corticosterone affect morphology, stress responses, and telomere length, but not post-fledging movements, in a wild songbird [PDF]
, 2018 Organisms are frequently exposed to challenges during development, such as poor weather and food shortage. Such challenges can initiate the hormonal stress response, which involves secretion of glucocorticoids. Although the hormonal stress response helps organisms deal with challenges, long-term exposure to high levels of glucocorticoids can have ...
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Function changing mutations in glucocorticoid receptor evolution correlate with their relevance to mode coupling [PDF]
, 2015 Nonlinear effects in protein dynamics are expected to play role in function, particularly of allosteric nature, by facilitating energy transfer between vibrational modes. A recently proposed method focusing on the non-Gaussian shape of the population near equilibrium projects this information onto real space in order to identify the aminoacids relevant
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Aldosterone and Dexamethasone Activate African Lungfish Mineralocorticoid Receptor: Increased Activation After Removal of the Amino-Terminal Domain [PDF]
arXiv, 2021 Aldosterone, the main physiological mineralocorticoid in humans and other terrestrial vertebrates, first appears in lungfish, which are lobe-finned fish that are forerunners of terrestrial vertebrates. Aldosterone activation of the MR regulates internal homeostasis of water, sodium and potassium, which was critical in the conquest of land by ...
arxiv
Corticosteroid Activation of Atlantic Sea Lamprey Corticoid Receptor: Allosteric Regulation by the N-terminal Domain [PDF]
arXiv, 2022 Lampreys are jawless fish that evolved about 550 million years ago at the base of the vertebrate line. Modern lampreys contain a corticoid receptor (CR), the common ancestor of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), which first appear in cartilaginous fish, such as sharks.
arxiv
Onset, timing, and exposure therapy of stress disorders: mechanistic insight from a mathematical model of oscillating neuroendocrine dynamics [PDF]
, 2016 The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a neuroendocrine system that regulates numerous physiological processes. Disruptions in the activity of the HPA axis are correlated with many stress-related diseases such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder.
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Causal Mediation Analysis for Sparse and Irregular Longitudinal Data [PDF]
arXiv, 2020 Causal mediation analysis seeks to investigate how the treatment effect of an exposure on outcomes is mediated through intermediate variables. Although many applications involve longitudinal data, the existing methods are not directly applicable to settings where the mediator and outcome are measured on sparse and irregular time grids.
arxiv
Modelling oral adrenal cortisol support [PDF]
arXiv, 2020 A simplified mathematical model of oral hydrocortisone delivery in adrenal insufficiency is described; the model is based on three components (gastric hydrocortisone, free serum cortisol and bound serum cortisol) and is formulated in terms of linear kinetics, taking into account the dynamics of glucocorticoid-protein binding.
arxiv
Novel Nongenomic Signaling by Glucocorticoid May Involve Changes to Liver Membrane Order in Rainbow Trout [PDF]
arXiv, 2017 Stress-induced glucocorticoid elevation is a highly conserved response among vertebrates. This facilitates stress adaptation and the mode of action involves activation of the intracellular glucocorticoid receptor leading to the modulation of target gene expression. However, this genomic effect is slow acting and, therefore, a role for glucocorticoid in
arxiv