Results 141 to 150 of about 102,928 (311)

MTHFR promotes heterochromatin maintenance

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2014
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), a key enzyme in the folate cycle, catalyzes the reduction of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, a co-substrate for homocysteine remethylation to methionine. Methionine serves as the precursor of the active methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine, which provides methyl groups for many ...
Hongchang Zhao, Xingzhi Xu, Bin Peng, Bingtao Zhu, Heyu Zhao, Zhikai Xiahou   +5 more
openaire   +3 more sources

RepeatOBserver: Tandem Repeat Visualisation and Putative Centromere Detection

Molecular Ecology Resources, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Tandem repeats play an important role in centromere structure, subtelomeric regions, DNA methylation, recombination and the regulation of gene activity. Analysis of their distribution in genomes offers a potential means for predicting putative centromere locations, which continues to be a challenge for genome annotation.
Cassandra Elphinstone, Rob Elphinstone, Marco Todesco, Loren H. Rieseberg   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Fluctuations in DNA Packing Density Drive the Spatial Segregation between Euchromatin and Heterochromatin [PDF]

arXiv
In the crowded eukaryotic nucleus, euchromatin and heterochromatin segregate into distinct compartments, a phenomenon often attributed to homotypic interactions mediated by liquid liquid phase separation of chromatin associated proteins. Here, we revisit genome compartmentalization by examining the role of in vivo DNA packing density fluctuations ...
arxiv  

Two Types of Heterochromatin in Drosophila Nebulosa [PDF]

, 1946
C. Pavan
openalex   +1 more source

Inactivation of Histone Chaperone HIRA Unmasks a Link Between Normal Embryonic Development of Melanoblasts and Maintenance of Adult Melanocyte Stem Cells

Aging Cell, EarlyView.
Expression of HIRA in embryonic melanoblasts is required for proper epigenetic programing and lineage differentiation. Although HIRA deficiency results in a mild phenotype at birth and young adulthood, the melanocytic lineage is sensitive to proliferative challenge, prone to loss of stem cells and dramatically accelerated hair greying in later life ...
Farah Jaber‐Hijazi, Rouven Arnold, Karthic Swaminathan, Kathryn Gilroy, Alexander T. Wenzel, Anthony Lagnado, Kristina Kirschner, Neil Robertson, Claire Reid, Neil Fullarton, Jeff Pawlikowski, Taranjit Singh Rai, Ian Baranyk, Christina Huan Shi, Kevin Y. Yip, Karen Blyth, Jill P. Mesirov, Melissa L. Harris, João F. Passos, Laura M. Machesky, Peter D. Adams   +20 more
wiley   +1 more source

Processive DNA synthesis is associated with localized decompaction of constitutive heterochromatin at the sites of DNA replication and repair

Nucleus, 2019
Constitutive heterochromatin is considered as a functionally inert genome compartment, important for its architecture and stability. How such stable structure is maintained is not well understood.
Vadim O. Chagin, Britta Reinhart, Annette Becker, Oliver Mortusewicz, K. Laurence Jost, Alexander Rapp, Heinrich Leonhardt, M. Cristina Cardoso   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Active Hydrodynamic Theory of Euchromatin and Heterochromatin [PDF]

arXiv
The genome contains genetic information essential for cell's life. The genome's spatial organization inside the cell nucleus is critical for its proper function including gene regulation. The two major genomic compartments -- euchromatin and heterochromatin -- contain largely transcriptionally active and silenced genes, respectively, and exhibit ...
arxiv  

Identifying Age‐Modulating Compounds Using a Novel Computational Framework for Evaluating Transcriptional Age

Aging Cell, EarlyView.
RNAge is a transcriptional based computational approach to measure changes in cellular age upon experimental manipulation. In silico screening of a database of transcriptional changes from drug perturbations identified a novel aging agent that was applied to an hPSC model of neurodegenerative disease to trigger a late‐onset phenotype.
Chao Zhang, Nathalie Saurat, Daniela Cornacchia, Sun Young Chung, Trisha Sikder, Adrianne Nemchik, Andrew Minotti, Lorenz Studer, Doron Betel   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

CFDP1 regulates the stability of pericentric heterochromatin thereby affecting RAN GTPase activity and mitotic spindle formation.

PLoS Biology
The densely packed centromeric heterochromatin at minor and major satellites is comprised of H3K9me2/3 histones, the heterochromatin protein HP1α, and histone variants.
Gokul Gopinathan, Qian Xu, Xianghong Luan, Thomas G H Diekwisch   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Nuclear Import Defects Drive Cell Cycle Dysregulation in Neurodegeneration

Aging Cell, EarlyView.
Overview of Dysregulated Cell Cycle Mechanisms in Neuronal Cells. A nuclear import block drives cell cycle re‐entry from G0, culminating in cell cycle arrest at G1/S. This cell cycle arrest is associated with activation of CKIs from the INK locus (p15, p16, p18, p19) and Cip/Kip (p21, p27) which act on specific CDK/Cyclin complexes.
Jonathan Plessis‐Belair, Taylor Russo, Markus Riessland, Roger B. Sher   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source