Results 241 to 250 of about 802,913 (283)
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Comprehensive Physiology, 2016
ABSTRACT Stress is an integral part of life. Activation of the hypothalamus‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis in the adult can be viewed as mostly adaptive to restore homeostasis in the short term. When stress occurs during development, and specifically during periods of vulnerability in maturing systems, it can ...
Charles E, Wood +1 more
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ABSTRACT Stress is an integral part of life. Activation of the hypothalamus‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis in the adult can be viewed as mostly adaptive to restore homeostasis in the short term. When stress occurs during development, and specifically during periods of vulnerability in maturing systems, it can ...
Charles E, Wood +1 more
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The Hpa Axis and the Stress Response
Endocrine Research, 2000(2000). The Hpa Axis and the Stress Response. Endocrine Research: Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 513-514.
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The HPA axis and cocaine reinforcement
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2002Scientists have been aware of the existence of a complex relationship between stress and the subsequent activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the endocrine and neurobehavioral effects of cocaine for many years now. Our research program has focused on the involvement of HPA axis activation in cocaine reinforcement using the ...
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The HPA Axis in HIV-1 Infection
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 2002Several lines of evidence suggest that neuroendocrine abnormalities in general and HPA axis activity in particular occur in both HIV-1 infection and individuals engaging in chronic drug use. For instance, our studies showing attenuated norepinephrine as well as ACTH and cortisol responses to a cold pressor challenge in asymptomatic HIV-1 persons ...
Mahendra, Kumar +5 more
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Neglect, HPA axis reactivity, and development
International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 2019Neglect is a common and frequently chronic form of child maltreatment that can compromise child development and increase the risk of physical and psychological problems. In this review, we discuss one of the potential ways neglect becomes biologically embedded by shaping the development of a key stress responsive system: namely, the hypothalamic ...
Emily B, Reilly, Megan R, Gunnar
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Glucocorticoids and the HPA axis
2001The glucocorticoids, cortisol and/or corticosterone depending on the species, are steroid hormones produced by cells in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex under the influence of the hypothalamo-pituitary complex (Fig. 1). In normal circumstances their serum concentrations are maintained within narrow limits with pronounced excursions occurring ...
Anne-Marie Cowell, Julia C. Buckingham
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HPA Axis Interactions with Behavioral Systems
Comprehensive Physiology, 2016ABSTRACT Perhaps the most salient behaviors that individuals engage in involve the avoidance of aversive experiences and the pursuit of pleasurable experiences. Engagement in these behaviors is regulated to a significant extent by an individual's hormonal milieu.
Amy E B, Packard +2 more
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Child maltreatment and the developing HPA axis
Hormones and Behavior, 2006The developing HPA axis is under strong social regulation in infancy and early childhood and is vulnerable to perturbation in the absence of sensitive, responsive caregiving. Child maltreatment has complex, long-term influences both on basal cortisol levels and on HPA responsivity to pharmacological and psychological stressors, depending on current ...
Amanda R, Tarullo, Megan R, Gunnar
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The HPA axis and perinatal depression: a hypothesis
Archives of Women's Mental Health, 2006Episodes of depression and anxiety are as common during pregnancy as postpartum. Some start in pregnancy and resolve postpartum, others are triggered by parturition and some are maintained throughout. In order to determine any biological basis it is important to delineate these different subtypes.
Kammerer, M, Taylor, A, Glover, V
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Endocannabinoid system, stress and HPA axis
European Journal of Pharmacology, 2018The endocannabinoid system (ECS), which is composed of the cannabinoid receptors types 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2) for marijuana's psychoactive ingredient ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC), the endogenous ligands (AEA and 2-AG) and the enzymatic systems involved in their biosynthesis and degradation, recently emerged as important modulator of emotional and ...
Micale V., Drago F.
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