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Administration of Probiotics in the Water in Finfish Aquaculture Systems: A Review
Over the last few decades, the contribution of aquaculture to animal protein production has increased enormously, and the sector now provides almost half of the fish and shellfish consumed worldwide, making it a major food producer.
Ladan Jahangiri +1 more
doaj +1 more source
Spirochetal Lipoproteins and Immune Evasion. [PDF]
Spirochetes are a major threat to public health. However, the exact pathogenesis of spirochetal diseases remains unclear. Spirochetes express lipoproteins that often determine the cross talk between the host and spirochetes.
Boyadjian, Ani +2 more
core +1 more source
The interaction between the immune and endocrine systems has long been recognized in vertebrates. In fish, it is known that the prevalence and intensity of such infections are higher in males than in females and probably related to sex steroid hormone ...
Yulema Valero +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Innate immunity and neuroinflammation [PDF]
Copyright © 2013 Abhishek Shastri et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly ...
Bonifati, DM, Kishore, U, Shastri, A
core +3 more sources
Innate immune system and preeclampsia
Normal pregnancy is considered as a Th2 type immunological state that favors an immune-tolerance environment in order to prevent fetal rejection.
Alejandra ePerez-Sepulveda +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses Against Microsporidia Infection in Mammals
Microsporidia are obligate intracellular and eukaryotic pathogens that can infect immunocompromised and immunocompetent mammals, including humans. Both innate and adaptive immune systems play important roles against microsporidian infection.
Yinze Han +17 more
doaj +1 more source
Innate immunity, assessed by plasma NO measurements, is not suppressed during the incubation fast in eiders [PDF]
Immunity is hypothesized to share limited resources with other physiological functions and may mediate life history trade-offs, for example between reproduction and survival.
Adamo +62 more
core +3 more sources
Regulation of short-chain fatty acids in the immune system
A growing body of research suggests that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), metabolites produced by intestinal symbiotic bacteria that ferment dietary fibers (DFs), play a crucial role in the health status of symbiotes. SCFAs act on a variety of cell types
Xiao-feng Liu +9 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
The immune system is composed of two subsystems—the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system. The innate immune system is the first to respond to pathogens and does not retain memory of previous responses.
Nicole C. Smith +2 more
doaj +1 more source
RNA sensors of the innate immune system and their detection of pathogens
The innate immune system plays a critical role in pathogen recognition and initiation of protective immune response through the recognition of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by its pattern recognition receptors (PRRs).
Nanhua Chen +5 more
semanticscholar +1 more source

