Results 51 to 60 of about 6,261 (168)

Insulin Resistance: An Update on Biochemical and Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Impact on Various Diseases

iNew Medicine, Volume 2, Issue 3, September 2026.
ABSTRACT Insulin resistance is the biological phenomenon in which the human body's normal response to the metabolic hormone insulin is compromised. Insulin is a regulator of most of the essential metabolic steps in the body that control energy homoeostasis, so dysregulation leads to multiple diverse human diseases including, most prominently, Type 2 ...
Peter J. Little, Stefan Offermanns, Haaglim Cho, Zhiping Liu, Pinglian Yang, Qiaozhu Su, Henry Wade, Wah Yang, Danielle Kamato, Neale Cohen, Alex Bobik, Iqra Ilyas, Suowen Xu   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Interact and Support Islet of Langerhans Viability and Function

Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2022
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a widespread disease, affecting approximately 41.5 million people worldwide. It is generally treated with exogenous insulin, maintaining physiological blood glucose levels but also leading to long-term therapeutic complications ...
Naomi Koehler, Leo Buhler, Bernhard Egger, Bernhard Egger, Carmen Gonelle-Gispert   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

MicroRNA‐Driven Regulation of β‐Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetes: Molecular Mechanisms, Network Insights, and Translational Perspectives

Acta Physiologica, Volume 242, Issue 9, September 2026.
ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as central regulators of pancreatic islet biology, influencing β‐cell development, proliferation, and function. In type 2 diabetes (T2D), both adaptive and maladaptive miRNA responses shape β‐cell compensation and progressive secretory dysfunction.
Lena Eliasson, Alexandros Karagiannopoulos, Mototsugu Nagao, Anna Wendt   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Metabolic Regulation of Macrophages in Health and Disease

MedComm, Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2026.
Extracellular metabolites drive metabolic rewiring of glucose, lipid, and amino acid pathways in macrophages, steering their polarization toward pro‐ or anti‐inflammatory phenotypes and shaping a wide range of disease processes. Macrophages from different tissues display distinct metabolic signatures, and therapeutic strategies that target these ...
Shan Huang, Yu Zhang, Jiali Min, Jiahui Yang, Yuchen Li, Hao Zhang, Shanshan Liu   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Engraftment of Insulin-Producing Cells from Porcine Islets in Non-Immune-Suppressed Rats or Nonhuman Primates Transplanted Previously with Embryonic Pig Pancreas

Journal of Transplantation, 2011
Transplantation therapy for diabetes is limited by unavailability of donor organs and outcomes complicated by immunosuppressive drug toxicity. Xenotransplantation is a strategy to overcome supply problems.
Marc R. Hammerman
doaj   +1 more source

Macrophage: Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets

MedComm, Volume 7, Issue 8, August 2026.
Macrophages are sentinel innate immune cells that arise from embryonic precursors and bone marrow monocytes, displaying a functional continuum that transcends the classical M1 (pro‐inflammatory)/M2 (anti‐inflammatory) dichotomy. Under homeostatic conditions, balanced M1/M2 polarization preserves tissue integrity by coordinating immune surveillance ...
Bihang Sun, Linqing Wen, Shiyun Tang, Lu Liu, Nianzhi Chen   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

South African Herbal Teas and Diabetes‐Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Emerging Evidence and Mechanistic Insights

Journal of Food Science, Volume 91, Issue 8, August 2026.
ABSTRACT Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a central component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and is associated with underlying mitochondrial dysfunction. Disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis impairs cellular energy metabolism and contributes to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress, chronic inflammation,
Shanika Reddy, Naeem Sheik Abdul, Taskeen Fathima Docrat, Jeanine Marnewick   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Method for the isolation of human pancreatic islets for clinical transplantation in type 1 diabetes mellitus

Вестник трансплантологии и искусственных органов
Islet transplantation is a modern method of treating severe type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). However, multiple factors can negatively affect both the efficiency of islet isolation and subsequent transplantation outcomes.
Yu. B. Basok, A. S. Ponomareva, N. V. Baranova, N. V. Grudinin, D. N. Kruglov, L. A. Kirsanova, E. G. Kuznetsova, G. N. Skaletskaya, A. D. Belova, E. A. Guseva, A. M. Grigoriev, V. I. Sevastianov, S. V. Gautier   +12 more
doaj   +1 more source

Sensing and Communicating β‐Cell Stress in the Context of T1D Etiology: New Opportunities for Therapeutic Impact

Comprehensive Physiology, Volume 16, Issue 3, June 2026.
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from the immune‐mediated destruction of insulin‐producing pancreatic β‐cells. Recent human studies show that early β‐cell stress maladaptations precede overt immune cell infiltration. DOC2B, a vesicle secretion regulatory protein that supports β‐cell functionality and resilience against stress, declines early in T1D ...
Diana Esparza, Chathurani S. Jayasena, Tijana Jovanovic‐Talisman, Debbie C. Thurmond   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Streptozotocin induced hyperglycemia in the axolotl

Developmental Dynamics, Volume 255, Issue 6, Page 567-584, June 2026.
Abstract Background Diabetes is a group of diseases characterized by loss of β cell mass and/or function, resulting in hyperglycemia. With no established curative treatment, this has initiated research in β cell regeneration. Current animal models have either limited regenerative capacity (mice) or small size and evolutionary distance from humans ...
Pernille Lajer Sørensen, Anita Dittrich, Henrik Lauridsen   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source