Results 71 to 80 of about 4,475 (201)

Role of cholesterol in modulating brain hyperexcitability

Epilepsia, Volume 66, Issue 1, Page 33-46, January 2025.
Abstract Cholesterol is a critical molecule in the central nervous system, and imbalances in the synthesis and metabolism of brain cholesterol can result in a range of pathologies, including those related to hyperexcitability. The impact of cholesterol on disorders of epilepsy and developmental and epileptic encephalopathies is an area of growing ...
James W. Wheless, Jong M. Rho
wiley   +1 more source

Modulation of neuronal activity by phosphorylation of the K–Cl cotransporter KCC2 [PDF]

Trends in Neurosciences, 2013
The K-Cl cotransporter KCC2 establishes the low intraneuronal Cl- levels required for the hyperpolarizing inhibitory postsynaptic potentials mediated by ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs) and glycine receptors (GlyRs). Decreased KCC2-mediated Cl- extrusion and impaired hyperpolarizing GABAAR- and/or GlyR-mediated currents have been ...
Kristopher T. Kahle, Kristopher T. Kahle, Kai Kaila, Liliya Silayeva, Stephen J. Moss, Stephen J. Moss, Martin Puskarjov, Tarek Z. Deeb, Bo Liang   +8 more
openaire   +3 more sources

From bedside to bench: New insights in epilepsy‐associated tumors based on recent classification updates and animal models on brain tumor networks

Molecular Oncology, Volume 18, Issue 12, Page 2951-2965, December 2024.
Animal modeling based on data from studies on humans aims to recapitulate primary developmental brain tumor features and serve as a tool to study the pathogenesis of epilepsy‐associated tumor processes, particularly tumor progression and neuronal hyperexcitability. Thus, understanding the interaction between brain tumor cells and neurons is critical to
Silvia Cases‐Cunillera, Lea L. Friker, Philipp Müller, Albert J. Becker, Gerrit H. Gielen   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Impact and Mechanisms of Action of BDNF on Neurological Disorders, Cancer, and Cardiovascular Diseases

CNS Neuroscience &Therapeutics, Volume 30, Issue 12, December 2024.
Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is not only the main neurotrophic signal in the human body but also an important neuromodulator. BDNF and its receptors are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system. They promote neuronal survival and growth and protect neurons.
Min Lei, Qiwen Liu, Jinxia Nie, Rongyi Huang, Yan Mei, Dan Pan, Yong Chen, Wu Liu   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Restoration of KCC2 Membrane Localization in Striatal Dopamine D2 Receptor-Expressing Medium Spiny Neurons Rescues Locomotor Deficits in HIV Tat-Transgenic Mice

ASN Neuro, 2021
People infected with HIV (PWH) are highly susceptible to striatal and hippocampal damage. Motor and memory impairments are common among these patients, likely as behavioral manifestations of damage to these brain regions.
Aaron J. Barbour, Sara R. Nass, Yun K. Hahn, Kurt F. Hauser, Pamela E. Knapp   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

GABAA receptors in epilepsy: Elucidating phenotypic divergence through functional analysis of genetic variants

Journal of Neurochemistry, Volume 168, Issue 12, Page 3831-3852, December 2024.
GABAA receptors mediate inhibitory neurotransmission and are key for maintaining the excitatory/inhibitory balance throughout the brain. Genetic variants in GABAA receptor subunits were among the earliest to be associated with epilepsy, and several hundreds of variants have since been linked to epileptic syndromes.
Nathan L. Absalom, Susan X. N. Lin, Vivian W. Y. Liao, Han C. Chua, Rikke S. Møller, Mary Chebib, Philip K. Ahring   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

¬Immunolocalization of cation-chloride cotransporters in the developing and mature spinal cord of opossums, Monodelphis domestica

Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, 2013
Spinal inhibition is required to generate coordinated outputs between antagonistic muscles during locomotion. It relies on low neuronal chloride concentration set by two cation-chloride cotransporters, NKCC1 and KCC2 which, respectively, pumps Cl- in or ...
Ha-Loan ePhan, Jean-François ePflieger
doaj   +1 more source

Progress on the Mechanisms and Neuroprotective Benefits of Dexmedetomidine in Brain Diseases

Brain and Behavior, Volume 14, Issue 11, November 2024.
Dexmedetomidine has demonstrated potent neuroprotective effects in a variety of brain disorders, and this may be achieved by inhibiting inflammatory responses, attenuating oxidative stress, reducing apoptosis and autophagy, and improving the immune microenvironment.
Zhenxing Tao, Pengpeng Li, Xudong Zhao
wiley   +1 more source

Chloride cotransporter KCC2 is essential for GABAergic inhibition in the SCN

Neuropharmacology, 2018
One of the principal neurotransmitters of the central nervous system is GABA. In the adult brain, GABA is predominantly inhibitory, but there is growing evidence indicating that GABA can shift to excitatory action depending on environmental conditions.
Engberink, A.H.O.O., Meijer, J.H., Michel, S.   +2 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Identification of KCC2 Mutations in Human Epilepsy Suggests Strategies for Therapeutic Transporter Modulation

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2019
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent and unprovoked seizures thought to arise from impaired balance between neuronal excitation and inhibition.
Phan Q. Duy, Phan Q. Duy, Wyatt B. David, Kristopher T. Kahle, Kristopher T. Kahle, Kristopher T. Kahle, Kristopher T. Kahle, Kristopher T. Kahle   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source