The coevolution of toxin and antitoxin genes drives the dynamics of bacterial addiction complexes and intragenomic conflict [PDF]
, 2012 Bacterial genomes commonly contain ‘addiction’ gene complexes that code for both a toxin and a corresponding antitoxin. As long as both genes are expressed, cells carrying the complex can remain healthy.
Brown, Sam P. +3 more
core +1 more source
Anthrax lethal factor cleaves mouse nlrp1b in both toxin-sensitive and toxin-resistant macrophages. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2012 Anthrax lethal factor (LF) is the protease component of anthrax lethal toxin (LT). LT induces pyroptosis in macrophages of certain inbred mouse and rat strains, while macrophages from other inbred strains are resistant to the toxin.
Kristina A Hellmich +8 more
doaj +1 more source
Assay of Diphtheria Vaccine Potency by Intradermal Challenge Test
Эпидемиология и вакцинопрофилактика, 2023 Relevance. Modern identifying potency (immunogenicity) of diphtheria toxoid tests are based on determining immunized animals resistance for administration challenge toxin or evaluation of protective antibodies level in serum.
E. I. Komarovskaya, О. V. Perelygyna
doaj +1 more source
Effective antiprotease-antibiotic treatment of experimental anthrax [PDF]
, 2005 BACKGROUND: Inhalation anthrax is characterized by a systemic spread of the challenge agent, Bacillus anthracis. It causes severe damage, including multiple hemorrhagic lesions, to host tissues and organs.
Alibek, Ken +8 more
core +3 more sources
Risks for public health related to the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX) and TTX analogues in marine bivalves and gastropods [PDF]
, 2017 Peer reviewedPublisher ...
EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM)
core +1 more source
Anthrax Lethal Toxin Paralyzes Neutrophil Actin‐Based Motility [PDF]
The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2005 Bacillus anthracis causes high-level bacteremia, strongly suggesting paralysis of the innate immune system. We have examined the effects of anthrax lethal toxin (LT) on human neutrophil chemotaxis, a process that requires actin filament assembly. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) treated with a sublethal concentration of LT (50 ng/mL) for 2 h ...
Russell L, During +6 more
openaire +2 more sources
Epileptic high-frequency network activity in a model of non-lesional temporal lobe epilepsy [PDF]
, 2010 High-frequency cortical activity, particularly in the 250–600 Hz (fast ripple) band, has been implicated in playing a crucial role in epileptogenesis and seizure generation. Fast ripples are highly specific for the seizure initiation zone.
Cmejla, Roman +5 more
core +3 more sources
Development of a New Cell-Based AP-1 Gene Reporter Potency Assay for Anti-Anthrax Toxin Therapeutics
Toxins, 2023 Anthrax toxin is a critical virulence factor of Bacillus anthracis. The toxin comprises protective antigen (PA) and two enzymatic moieties, edema factor (EF) and lethal factor (LF), forming bipartite lethal toxin (LT) and edema toxin (ET).
Weiming Ouyang +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Toxin-neutralizing antibodies protect against Clostridium perfringens-induced necrosis in an intestinal loop model for bovine necrohemorrhagic enteritis [PDF]
, 2016 Background: Bovine necrohemorrhagic enteritis is caused by Clostridium perfringens type A. Due to the rapid progress and fatal outcome of the disease, vaccination would be of high value. In this study, C.
Deprez, Piet +10 more
core +2 more sources
Anthrax lethal and edema toxins in anthrax pathogenesis [PDF]
Trends in Microbiology, 2014 The pathophysiological effects resulting from many bacterial diseases are caused by exotoxins released by the bacteria. Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming bacterium, is such a pathogen, causing anthrax through a combination of bacterial infection and toxemia. B.
Shihui, Liu +2 more
openaire +2 more sources