Results 41 to 50 of about 94,541 (354)

Pathogenicity locus, core genome, and accessory gene contributions to Clostridium difficile virulence [PDF]

, 2017
Clostridium difficile is a spore-forming anaerobic bacterium that causes colitis in patients with disrupted colonic microbiota. While some individuals are asymptomatic C.
Brittany B. Lewis, Eric G. Pamer, Erik R. Dubberke, Ingrid Leiner, Jimmy D. Ballard, Joao Xavier, Lilan Ling, Mini Kamboj, Rebecca A. Carter, Ying Taur   +9 more
core   +3 more sources

Epileptic high-frequency network activity in a model of non-lesional temporal lobe epilepsy [PDF]

, 2010
High-frequency cortical activity, particularly in the 250–600 Hz (fast ripple) band, has been implicated in playing a crucial role in epileptogenesis and seizure generation. Fast ripples are highly specific for the seizure initiation zone.
Cmejla, Roman, Finnerty, Gerald T, Jefferys, John G R, Jiruska, Premysl, Lofti, Noosheen, Powell, Andrew D   +5 more
core   +3 more sources

Sensitizing Anthrax Lethal Toxin-resistant Macrophages to Lethal Toxin-induced Killing by Tumor Necrosis Factor-α [PDF]

Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2003
Macrophages from different inbred mouse strains exhibit striking differences in their sensitivity to anthrax lethal toxin (LeTx)-induced cytolysis. Although LeTx-induced cytolysis of macrophages plays an important role in the outcome of anthrax infection, the sensitivity of macrophages in vitro does not correlate with in vivo susceptibility to ...
Kim, S. O., Jing, Q., Hoebe, K., Beutler, B., Duesbery, N. S., Han, J. H.   +5 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Toxin-mediated competition in weakly motile bacteria [PDF]

2019, J. Theor. Biol. 480 , 205-217, 2019
Many bacterial species produce toxins that inhibit their competitors. We model this phenomenon by extending classic two-species Lotka-Volterra competition in one spatial dimension to incorporate toxin production by one species. Considering solutions comprising two adjacent single-species colonies, we show how the toxin inhibits the susceptible species ...
arxiv   +1 more source

Human anti-anthrax protective antigen neutralizing monoclonal antibodies derived from donors vaccinated with anthrax vaccine adsorbed [PDF]

, 2004
BACKGROUND: Potent anthrax toxin neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies were generated from peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA) immune donors.
Alvarez, A., Alvarez, A., Jiang, I., Jiang, I., Kang, A.S., Kang, A.S., Millis, D., Millis, D., Morrow, P.R., Morrow, P.R., Nedellec, R., Nedellec, R., Ruther, P., Ruther, P., Sawada-Hirai, R., Sawada-Hirai, R., Sun, S.M., Sun, S.M., Wang, F., Wang, F.   +19 more
core   +3 more sources

Anthrax Edema Toxin Sensitizes DBA/2J Mice to Lethal Toxin [PDF]

Infection and Immunity, 2007
ABSTRACT Anthrax toxin is made up of three separate protein components: the receptor-binding protective antigen (PA), the adenylyl cyclase edema factor (EF), and the metalloproteinase lethal factor (LF). EF and PA constitute edema toxin (ET), which causes edema when injected subcutaneously.
Aaron M. Firoved, Mahtab Moayeri, Stephen H. Leppla, Jason F. Wiggins, Yuequan Shen, Wei-Jen Tang   +5 more
openaire   +3 more sources

The coevolution of toxin and antitoxin genes drives the dynamics of bacterial addiction complexes and intragenomic conflict [PDF]

, 2012
Bacterial genomes commonly contain ‘addiction’ gene complexes that code for both a toxin and a corresponding antitoxin. As long as both genes are expressed, cells carrying the complex can remain healthy.
Brown, Sam P., Heinemann, Jack A., Rankin, Daniel J., Turner, Leighton A.   +3 more
core   +1 more source

Role of the N-Terminal Amino Acid of Bacillus anthracis Lethal Factor in Lethal Toxin Cytotoxicity and Its Effect on the Lethal Toxin Neutralization Assay [PDF]

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 2008
ABSTRACT The cytotoxic activity of lethal factor (LF), a critical reagent used in the cell-based lethal toxin neutralization assay to assess anthrax vaccines, was shown to depend on the identity of its N-terminal amino acid, which plays a role in the targeting of LF to the proteasome for degradation.
Anita Verma, Drusilla L. Burns, Scott Stibitz, N Y Nguyen, Flor Guerengomba, Leslie D Wagner   +5 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Bacillus cereus non-haemolytic enterotoxin activates the NLRP3 inflammasome [PDF]

, 2020
Inflammasomes are important for host defence against pathogens and homeostasis with commensal microbes. Here, we show non-haemolytic enterotoxin (NHE) from the neglected human foodborne pathogen Bacillus cereus is an activator of the NLRP3 inflammasome ...
Atmosukarto, Ines I., Burgio, Gaetan, Feng, Shouya, Fox, Daniel, Fox, Edward M., Hayward, Jenni A., Jessberger, Nadja, Johnson, Matthew D., Kaakoush, Nadeem O., Leppla, Stephen H., Leyton, Denisse L., Liu, Yunqi, Man, Si Ming, Mathur, Anukriti, Märtlbauer, Erwin, Ngo, Chinh, Pandey, Abhimanu, Price, Jason D., Robertson, Avril A. B., Tan, Wei Hong, Tscharke, David C., Xue, Yansong   +21 more
core   +5 more sources

A Replicating Single-Cycle Adenovirus Vaccine Effective against Clostridium difficile

Vaccines, 2020
Clostridium difficile causes nearly 500,000 infections and nearly 30,000 deaths each year in the U.S., which is estimated to cost $4.8 billion. C. difficile infection (CDI) arises from bacteria colonizing the large intestine and releasing two toxins ...
William E. Matchett, Stephanie Anguiano-Zarate, Goda Baddage Rakitha Malewana, Haley Mudrick, Melissa Weldy, Clayton Evert, Alexander Khoruts, Michael Sadowsky, Michael A. Barry   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source