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Current and Emerging Diagnostic Approaches for Tuberculosis in People Living with HIV: Challenges and Future Perspectives [PDF]

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), in whom immunosuppression often results in atypical clinical manifestations, paucibacillary disease, extrapulmonary ...
Guillermo Eduardo Cuéllar-Nevárez, José Rafael Linares Morales, Luis Arturo Camacho Silvas, Sandra Guadalupe Chavarría Hidalgo, Guadalupe Virginia Nevárez-Moorillón, Karla Elva Loza Solano   +5 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Toward a National Tuberculosis Lateral-Flow Urine Lipoarabinomannan (LF-LAM) External Quality Assessment Program in Thailand: Feasibility Demonstration Through Panel Development, Validation, and Proficiency Testing, March 2025–April 2026 [PDF]

Diagnostics
Background: The World Health Organization and the Thailand National HIV Treatment Guidelines recommend the use of lateral flow urine lipoarabinomannan (LF-LAM) testing for tuberculosis (TB) detection in people living with HIV (PLHIV) with advanced HIV ...
Supaporn Suparak, Theerawit Tasaneeyapan, Petai Unpol, Sirilada Pimpa Chisholm, Siriphailin Jomjunyoung, Kanokwan Ngueanchanthong, Wipawee Thanyacharern, Nitis Smanthong, Thanapatra Klawech, Phitchamon Thongthirach, Laddawan Thiemsing, Chonthicha Kawidam, Chavachol Setthaudom, Somboon Nookhai, Rangsima Lolekha, Pilailuk Akkapaiboon Okada, Sarawut Boonsuk, Sanny Northbrook   +17 more
doaj   +2 more sources

A novel non-invasive diagnostic approach based on urine and blood: a cross-sectional study combining lipoarabinomannan antigen and interferon-gamma release assay for active tuberculosis [PDF]

Frontiers in Immunology
PurposeTo evaluate the diagnostic value of a combined strategy using the urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) antigen assay and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) for active tuberculosis (TB), and to explore its potential as a non-invasive, sputum ...
Long Cai, Mingzhi Zhu, Tingting Fang, Qianqian Peng, Lingshan Dai, YanQin Shao, Libin Liu   +6 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Rapid urinary lipoarabinomannan test with laboratory-level sensitivity for tuberculosis detection: a performance evaluation [PDF]

Microbiology Spectrum
Developing rapid, non-sputum-based tests is a global priority to improve the diagnosis and timely treatment of tuberculosis (TB). In this study, we evaluated the detection limit, precision, stability, and lot-to-lot variation of a next-generation rapid ...
Qisheng Jiang, Harisha Ramachandraiah, Carolyn Duncan, Sumanth Gandra, Ige A. George, Jingyi Luan, Marcos Perez, Lorraine Lillis, David S. Boyle, Scott Crick, Morten Ruhwald, Srikanth Singamaneni   +11 more
doaj   +2 more sources

The utility of urine lipoarabinomannan as a tuberculosis treatment monitoring tool in people living with HIV [PDF]

BMC Research Notes
Objective This pilot study aimed to evaluate whether urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) testing can be used to monitor tuberculosis treatment response in people living with HIV. Results Seventy-five participants were enrolled, of whom 51 (68%) were women, and
Brian Otaalo, Joseph Musaazi, Ruth Nabisere-Arinaitwe, Shakira Babirye, Derek J. Sloan, Willy Ssengooba, Lydia Nakiyingi, Steven J Reynolds, Barbara Castelnuovo, Yukari C. Manabe, Christine Sekaggya-Wiltshire   +10 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Manipulation of the Endocytic Pathway and Phagocyte Functions by Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lipoarabinomannan

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 2015
Lipoarabinomannan is a major immunomodulatory lipoglycan found in the cell envelope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and related human pathogens. It reproduces several salient properties of M.
Martine Gilleron, Jérôme Nigou, Isabelle Vergne   +2 more
exaly   +3 more sources

High performance of point-of-care rapid tests for advanced HIV disease diagnosis by lay providers in Malawi: Results from a prospective diagnostic accuracy study supporting decentralized advanced HIV disease screening. [PDF]

PLoS ONE
CD4 testing is essential for identifying people with advanced HIV(AHD) disease and enabling delivery of the recommended diagnostic package including serum cryptococcal antigen (CrAG)and urine lipoarabinomannan(LAM) testing and prophylaxis.
Agness Thawani, Ethel Rambiki, Jacqueline Huwa, Layout Gabriel, Aubrey Kudzala, Christine Kiruthu-Kamamia, Pachawo Bisani, Shameem Buleya, Nathan P Ford, Cheryl C Johnson, Ajay Rangaraj, Robert Luo, Celine Lastrucci, Busisiwe Msimanga, Rose Nyirenda, Bilaal Wilson Matola, Andreas Jahn, Claudia Wallrauch, Rachael Burke, Tom Heller   +19 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Lipoarabinomannan as a Point-of-Care Assay for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis: How Far Are We to Use It?

Frontiers in Microbiology, 2021
Tuberculosis (TB) is still a severe public health problem; the current diagnostic tests have limitations that delay treatment onset. Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) is a glycolipid that is a component of the cell wall of the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis ...
Julio Flores, Julio Flores, Juan Carlos Cancino, Leslie Chavez-Galan   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Towards Accurate Point-of-Care Tests for Tuberculosis in Children

Pathogens, 2022
In childhood tuberculosis (TB), with an estimated 69% of missed cases in children under 5 years of age, the case detection gap is larger than in other age groups, mainly due to its paucibacillary nature and children’s difficulties in delivering sputum ...
Nina Vaezipour, Nora Fritschi, Noé Brasier, Sabine Bélard, José Domínguez, Marc Tebruegge, Damien Portevin, Nicole Ritz   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Clinical, radiological, and laboratory predictors of a positive urine lipoarabinomannan test in sputum-scarce and sputum-negative patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis in two Johannesburg hospitals

Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine, 2021
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of mortality in persons living with HIV (PLWH). Sputum-based diagnosis of TB in patients with low CD4 counts is hampered by paucibacillary disease and consequent sputum scarcity or negative sputum results ...
Lior Chernick, Ismail S. Kalla, Michelle Venter   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source