Results 51 to 60 of about 46,881 (189)

Astrocytes: new targets of melanocortin 4 receptor actions [PDF]

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, 2013
Astrocytes exert a wide variety of functions with paramount importance in brain physiology. After injury or infection, astrocytes become reactive and they respond by producing a variety of inflammatory mediators that help maintain brain homeostasis. Loss of astrocyte functions as well as their excessive activation can contribute to disease processes ...
Caruso, Carla Mariana, Carniglia, Lila, Durand, Daniela Elizabeth, Scimonelli, Teresa Nieves, Lasaga, Mercedes Isabel   +4 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Genetic Diversity, Adaptation, Wild Introgression, and Coat Color Mutation of Golden Yak

Animal Research and One Health, EarlyView.
Genetic diversity, adaptation, wild introgression, and coat color mutation of golden yak from two populations on the Qinghai‐Xizang Plateau. ABSTRACT The golden yak lives on the Qinghai‐Xizang Plateau with a golden coat and adapts to high altitudes and strong ultraviolet environment. The golden coat is a prominent phenotype in many domesticated species,
Huixuan Yan, Jialei Chen, Chuzhao Lei, Fengwei Zhang, Shunzhong He, Weiru Song, Hongyan Ma, Shuling Li, Guomei Li, Laba Yongcuo, Jianlin Han, Johannes A. Lenstra, Qiang Zhang, Rende Song, Basang Wangdui, Ningbo Chen   +15 more
wiley   +1 more source

Development of the Hypothalamic Melanocortin System

Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2013
The melanocortin system is a critical component of the forebrain and hindbrain regulatory systems involved in energy balance. This system is composed of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons that act, in part, through the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R ...
Berengere eCoupe, Sebastien G Bouret
doaj   +1 more source

Evolutionary Aspects in Evaluating Mutations in the Melanocortin 4 Receptor [PDF]

Endocrinology, 2007
More than 70 missense mutations have been identified in the human melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), and many of them have been associated with obesity. In a number of cases, the causal link between mutations in MC4R and obesity is controversially discussed.
Stäubert, Claudia, Tarnow, Patrick, Brumm, Harald, Pitra, Christian, Gudermann, Thomas, Grüters, Annette, Schöneberg, Torsten, Biebermann, Heike, Römpler, Holger   +8 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Pharmacogenomics of dolutegravir: A scoping review of evidence, gaps and clinical implications

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, EarlyView.
Dolutegravir underpins modern first‐ and second‐line HIV treatment regimens; however, interindividual variability in its disposition and tolerability presents challenges for optimal use. This scoping review mapped current evidence on the pharmacogenomics of dolutegravir, focusing on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and methodological limitations ...
Ronald Kiguba, Mishael Ssesanga, Munir Pirmohamed   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

The Obesogenic and Glycemic Effect of Bariatric Surgery in a Family with a Melanocortin 4 Receptor Loss-of-Function Mutation

Metabolites, 2022
We report the long-term response to bariatric surgery in a singular family of four adolescents with severe obesity (41–82 kg/m2), homozygous for the C271R loss-of-function mutation in the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R), and three adults heterozygous for ...
Ronit Grinbaum, Nahum Beglaibter, Stella Mitrani-Rosenbaum, Lee M. Kaplan, Danny Ben-Zvi   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Genomic Insights Into Risperidone Treatment Outcomes in Children and Adolescents: Experience From a Psychiatric Hospital Serving Rural Youth

Clinical Pharmacology &Therapeutics, EarlyView.
Risperidone is a commonly used antipsychotic for treating psychiatric illness in children and adolescents. There is a large variability in risperidone response and discontinuation rates remain high. Pharmacogenomics offers the opportunity to improve risperidone outcomes, yet studies in pediatric populations are limited.
Jack W. Staples, Shayna R. Killam, Karen E. Brown, Rachel Dalton, Elizabeth Sather, Qiang Chen, Joshua Loveland, Corbin Schwanke, Abdallah F. Elias, Kristin L. Bigos, Erica L. Woodahl   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Long-term weight-loss in gastric bypass patients carrying melanocortin 4 receptor variants.

PLoS ONE, 2014
BackgroundThe melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) critically regulates feeding and satiety. Rare variants in MC4R are predominantly found in obese individuals.
Bryn S Moore, Uyenlinh L Mirshahi, Evan A Yost, Ann N Stepanchick, Michael D Bedrin, Amanda M Styer, Kathryn K Jackson, Christopher D Still, Gerda E Breitwieser, Glenn S Gerhard, David J Carey, Tooraj Mirshahi   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Prenatal betamethasone–postnatal N‐methyl‐D‐aspartic acid model of spasms: Update on mechanisms and treatments

Epilepsia Open, EarlyView.
Abstract Infantile epilepsy spasms syndrome (IESS), formerly known as infantile spasms or West Syndrome, is a severe epilepsy syndrome affecting about 3 in 10,000 newborns in the United States. Characterized by clusters of epileptic spasms, interictal hypsarrhythmia, and developmental delays, IESS has diverse causes, including structural‐metabolic ...
Kayla Vieira, Antonia Schonwald, Chian‐Ru Chern, Kamya Shah, Jana Velíšková, Libor Velíšek   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Inter-individual variability amplified through breeding reveals control of reward-related action strategies by Melanocortin-4 Receptor in the dorsomedial striatum

Communications Biology, 2022
To uncover mechanisms underlying reward-seeking behaviours, Allen et al. employ a task in which mice must arbitrate between rewarded and nonrewarded behaviors.
Aylet T. Allen, Elizabeth C. Heaton, Lauren P. Shapiro, Laura M. Butkovich, Sophie T. Yount, Rachel A. Davies, Dan C. Li, Andrew M. Swanson, Shannon L. Gourley   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source