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Microbial interactions as key players shaping the emergence and spread of <i>de novo</i> resistance mutations. [PDF]

Microbiology (Reading)
Pittaccio L, Knowles J, Wheatley RM.
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Inhibition of the multidrug resistance efflux pump

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes, 1993
An ATP-dependent efflux pump is found in the plasma membrane of certain multidrug resistant (MDR) cancer cells. Drug resistance is due to decreased intracellular drug levels that have been reduced to subcytotoxic concentrations. Inhibition of the MDR efflux pump with a reversal agent may 'trap' the cytotoxic drug inside the cell; thus, cellular drug ...
P W, Wigler, F K, Patterson
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Towards understanding promiscuity in multidrug efflux pumps

Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 2014
Drug export from cells is a major factor in the acquisition of cellular resistance to antimicrobial and cancer chemotherapy, and poses a significant threat to future clinical management of disease. Many of the proteins that catalyse drug efflux do so with remarkably low substrate specificity, a phenomenon known as multidrug transport. For these reasons
Kelvin, Wong, Jerome, Ma, Alice, Rothnie, Philip C, Biggin, Ian D, Kerr   +4 more
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Multidrug efflux pumps of Gram-positive bacteria

Drug Resistance Updates, 2016
Gram-positive organisms are responsible for some of the most serious of human infections. Resistance to front-line antimicrobial agents can complicate otherwise curative therapy. These organisms possess multiple drug resistance mechanisms, with drug efflux being a significant contributing factor.
Bryan D, Schindler, Glenn W, Kaatz
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Assessing the Activity of Bacterial Multidrug Efflux Pumps

2003
Resistance to antibiotics in target bacterial populations has long complicated antibacterial chemotherapy. First described in the early 1980s (1, 2), efflux mechanism of resistance, whereby the antibiotic is actively (i.e., in an energy-dependent fashion) pumped from the bacterial cell, are being described with increasing frequency in recent years ...
K, Poole, R, Srikumar
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Transcriptional regulation of multidrug efflux pumps in bacteria

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, 2001
As integral membrane proteins demonstrating an extraordinarily wide substrate range, some degree of regulatory control over the expression of bacterial multidrug-resistance (MDR) transporters is to be expected. Excessive expression could be deleterious, due to direct, physical disruption of membrane integrity, or the unwanted export of essential ...
S, Grkovic, M H, Brown, R A, Skurray
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Multidrug efflux pumps and resistance: regulation and evolution

Current Opinion in Microbiology, 2003
Multidrug transporters have long puzzled researchers because of their ability to extrude multiple structurally dissimilar toxic chemotherapeutic agents. They appear to be essentially ubiquitous with many microorganisms possessing large arsenals of predicted multidrug efflux transporters. Recent reports on the structures of multidrug efflux transporters
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Multidrug efflux transporter, AcrB—the pumping mechanism

Current Opinion in Structural Biology, 2008
Resistance nodulation cell division (RND) transporters are one of the main causes of the bacterial multidrug resistance. They pump a wide range of antibiotics out of the cell by proton motive force. AcrB is the major RND transporter in Escherichia coli. Recently, the crystal structures of AcrB have been determined by different space groups.
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Multidrug-resistance efflux pumps ? not just for resistance

Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2006
It is well established that multidrug-resistance efflux pumps encoded by bacteria can confer clinically relevant resistance to antibiotics. It is now understood that these efflux pumps also have a physiological role(s). They can confer resistance to natural substances produced by the host, including bile, hormones and host-defence molecules.
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Multidrug efflux pumps: Substrate selection in ATP‐binding cassette multidrug efflux pumps – first come, first served?

The FEBS Journal, 2010
Multidrug resistance is a major challenge in the therapy of cancer and pathogenic fungal infections. More than three decades ago, P‐glycoprotein was the first identified multidrug transporter. It has been studied extensively at the genetic and biochemical levels ever since.
Robert, Ernst, Petra, Kueppers, Jan, Stindt, Karl, Kuchler, Lutz, Schmitt   +4 more
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