Results 51 to 60 of about 188,742 (365)
gACSON software for automated segmentation and morphology analyses of myelinated axons in 3D electron microscopy [PDF]
arXiv, 2021 Background and Objective: Advances in electron microscopy (EM) now allow three-dimensional (3D) imaging of hundreds of micrometers of tissue with nanometer-scale resolution, providing new opportunities to study the ultrastructure of the brain. In this work, we introduce a freely available Matlab-based gACSON software for visualization, segmentation ...
arxiv
Lifelong cortical myelin plasticity and age-related degeneration in the live mammalian brain
Nature Neuroscience, 2018 Axonal myelin increases neural processing speed and efficiency. It is unknown whether patterns of myelin distribution are fixed or whether myelinating oligodendrocytes are continually generated in adulthood and maintain the capacity for structural ...
R. Hill, Alice M. Li, J. Grutzendler
semanticscholar +1 more source
Exogenous lipids in myelination and myelination.
The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences, 1997 Myelinogenesis is a scheduled process that depends on both the intrinsic properties of the cell and extracellular signals. In rat brain, myelin development is an essentially postnatal event and environmental interferences could affect myelin synthesis. Nutrition plays an important role, since severe postnatal malnutrition and essential fatty acid (EFA)
Serafina Salvati, Di Biase A
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Frontiers in Immunology, 2021 Normal aging is characterized by declines in processing speed, learning, memory, and executive function even in the absence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). In normal aging monkeys and humans, neuronal loss does not account
Katelyn V. Batterman +6 more
doaj +1 more source
On the stability and growth of single myelin figures [PDF]
Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 138301 (2006), 2005 Myelin figures are long thin cylindrical structures that typically grow as a dense tangle when water is added to the concentrated lamellar phase of certain surfactants. We show that, starting from a well-ordered initial state, single myelin figures can be produced in isolation thus allowing a detailed study of their growth and stability.
arxiv +1 more source
Mechanical waves in myelinated axon wall [PDF]
, 2021 The propagation of an action potential is accompanied by mechanical and thermal effects. Several mathematical models explain the deformation of the unmyelinated axon wall. In this paper, the deformation of the myelinated axon wall is studied. The mathematical model is inspired by the mechanics of microstructured materials.
arxiv +1 more source
A Physical Perspective to the Inductive Function of Myelin—A Missing Piece of Neuroscience
Frontiers in Neural Circuits, 2021 Starting from the inductance in neurons, two physical origins are discussed, which are the coil inductance of myelin and the piezoelectric effect of the cell membrane.
Hao Wang +7 more
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Remyelination alters the pattern of myelin in the cerebral cortex
bioRxiv, 2020 Destruction of oligodendrocytes and myelin sheaths in cortical gray matter profoundly alters neural activity and is associated with cognitive disability in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Jennifer L Orthmann-Murphy +6 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2011 Background Traumatic injury to axons produces breakdown of axons and myelin at the site of the lesion and then further distal to this where Wallerian degeneration develops.
Reichert Fanny +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Switching modes of myelination [PDF]
Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2014 A new study shows that myelination may proceed in activity-dependent and -independent manners and that activity-dependent myelination is linked to neuregulin-induced signalling in oligodendrocytes, which makes these cells more sensitive to glutamate release.
openaire +3 more sources