Results 31 to 40 of about 128,613 (264)

Oligodendrocyte Development and Implication in Perinatal White Matter Injury

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2021
Perinatal white matter injury (WMI) is the most common brain injury in premature infants and can lead to life-long neurological deficits such as cerebral palsy. Preterm birth is typically accompanied by inflammation and hypoxic-ischemic events.
Mahsa Motavaf, Xianhua Piao, Xianhua Piao, Xianhua Piao, Xianhua Piao   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Microbiome‐blood–brain barrier interactions in aging — mechanisms and therapeutic potential

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Aging reshapes the gut microbiome (↓SCFA‐producing commensals; ↑pro‐inflammatory outputs), shifting circulating metabolites (↓SCFAs; ↑LPS, ↑TMAO, ↑PAA) that act at the BBB to increase nonspecific transcytosis, alter transport, and promote astrocyte reactivity, heightening brain vulnerability.
Daniel Cuervo‐Zanatta, Hari Baskar Balasubramanian, Amir Pasokh, Marietta Zille   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Astrocyte-specific deletion of ceruloplasmin exacerbates oxidative stress and demyelination in the spinal cord in a murine model of multiple sclerosis

Neurobiology of Disease
Astrocytic iron metabolism is essential for maintaining central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis, particularly in the context of neurodegenerative and demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS).
Karishma G. Kedari, Zachary Smith, Veronica T. Cheli, Jazmin G. Corral, Congying Wang, Pablo M. Paez   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Metastasis on pause: How dormant tumor cells stay hidden within the tumor microenvironment and evade immune surveillance

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Dormant cancer cells can hide in distant organs for years, evading treatment and the immune system. This review highlights how signals from the surrounding tissue and immune environment keep these cells inactive or trigger their reawakening. Understanding these mechanisms may help develop therapies to eliminate or control dormant cells and prevent ...
Kanishka Tiwary, Jose Javier Bravo‐Cordero   +1 more
wiley   +1 more source

Myelin down-regulates myelin phagocytosis by microglia and macrophages through interactions between CD47 on myelin and SIRPα (signal regulatory protein-α) on phagocytes

Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2011
Background Traumatic injury to axons produces breakdown of axons and myelin at the site of the lesion and then further distal to this where Wallerian degeneration develops.
Reichert Fanny, Oldenborg Per-Arne, Liraz-Zaltsman Sigal, Gitik Miri, Rotshenker Shlomo   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Prolonged Environmental Enrichment Promotes Developmental Myelination

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2021
Postnatal neurodevelopment is profoundly influenced by environmental experiences. Environmental enrichment is a commonly used experimental paradigm that has uncovered numerous examples of experience-dependent plasticity in health and disease.
Evan Z. Goldstein, Vera Pertsovskaya, Thomas A. Forbes, Jeffrey L. Dupree, Vittorio Gallo   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

The history of myelin [PDF]

Experimental Neurology, 2016
Andreas Vesalius is attributed the discovery of white matter in the 16th century but van Leeuwenhoek is arguably the first to have observed myelinated fibers in 1717. A globular myelin theory followed, claiming all elements of the nervous system except for Fontana's primitive cylinder with outer sheath in 1781. Remak's axon revolution in 1836 relegated
openaire   +2 more sources

Chronobiology of Cancer: How Aging Fuels Oncogenesis at the Molecular Level

Aging and Cancer, EarlyView.
This graphical abstract illustrates the key biological pathways linking aging with cancer development and progression. In the upper left, cumulative exposure to ultraviolet radiation, toxins, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes DNA damage and genomic instability, whereas age‐related decline in repair mechanisms, such as ATM/ATR, BER, and NER ...
Anu Singh, Aroonima Misra, Sufian Zaheer
wiley   +1 more source

Anillin facilitates septin assembly to prevent pathological outfoldings of central nervous system myelin

eLife, 2019
Myelin serves as an axonal insulator that facilitates rapid nerve conduction along axons. By transmission electron microscopy, a healthy myelin sheath comprises compacted membrane layers spiraling around the cross-sectioned axon. Previously we identified
Michelle S Erwig, Julia Patzig, Anna M Steyer, Payam Dibaj, Mareike Heilmann, Ingo Heilmann, Ramona B Jung, Kathrin Kusch, Wiebke Möbius, Olaf Jahn, Klaus-Armin Nave, Hauke B Werner   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

T Cells Actively Infiltrate the White Matter of the Aging Monkey Brain in Relation to Increased Microglial Reactivity and Cognitive Decline

Frontiers in Immunology, 2021
Normal aging is characterized by declines in processing speed, learning, memory, and executive function even in the absence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). In normal aging monkeys and humans, neuronal loss does not account
Katelyn V. Batterman, Payton E. Cabrera, Tara L. Moore, Tara L. Moore, Tara L. Moore, Douglas L. Rosene, Douglas L. Rosene   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source