Results 121 to 130 of about 48,603 (346)
Myelin Formation by Oligodendrocytes Is Enhanced Through Laminin‐411 and Its Derived Peptide
Glia, EarlyView.Laminin (LM) α1, α2, and α4 chains are expressed at the myelination stage of oligodendrocyte (OL). LM411 and its E8 fragment enhance OL myelin membrane formation. A4G47 from LM411E8 is a novel peptide that promotes OL myelin formation. ABSTRACT In the central nervous system, oligodendrocytes (OLs) form myelin sheaths that accomplish the efficient ...
Binri Sasaki +14 more
wiley +1 more source
Towards in vivo g-ratio mapping using MRI: unifying myelin and diffusion imaging [PDF]
arXiv, 2020 The g-ratio, quantifying the comparative thickness of the myelin sheath encasing an axon, is a geometrical invariant that has high functional relevance because of its importance in determining neuronal conduction velocity. Advances in MRI data acquisition and signal modelling have put in vivo mapping of the g-ratio, across the entire white matter ...
arxiv
Oligodendrogenesis in Evolution, Development and Adulthood
Glia, EarlyView.Oligodendrocytes and myelin took shape in jawed vertebrates. During development, OPCs are originated from NSCs and then undergo differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes that supply myelin. OPCs persist in the adult CNS and continue to produce oligodendrocytes and myelin. Adaptive myelination, which fine‐tunes neural circuits in response to neuronal
Hao Hu +3 more
wiley +1 more source
Intrinsic dynamical fluctuations of PNS myelin [PDF]
arXiv, 2017 The ultrastructure fluctuations and complex dynamics of the multi-layered membrane structure of myelin are fundamental for understanding and control its formation process and its degeneration and repair in neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS).
arxiv
Tumor microenvironment (Part I): Tissue integrity in a rat model of peripheral neural cancer [PDF]
Heliyon, Volume 10, Issue 13, e33932, July 15, 2024ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1) and MPZ (myelin protein zero) are thought to be a factor in the integrity of nerve tissues. In this report, we attempted to trace the expression of ICAM-1, responsible for cell-to-cell adhesion, and of MPZ, the main constituent of myelin sheath, in malignant tissues of the sciatic nerve (SN) in inbred male ...
arxiv +1 more source
Glia, EarlyView.Brain oligodendrocytes have lower rates of cholesterol synthesis and higher rates of lipoprotein uptake than spinal cord oligodendrocytes. Myelin lipid content is higher in CNS regions with larger average axon diameter. Brain and spinal cord myelin cholesterol content is innately different, while myelin fatty acid content can be modulated by fiber ...
Marie L. Mather +4 more
wiley +1 more source
Promise and pitfalls of g-ratio estimation with MRI [PDF]
, 2017 The fiber g-ratio is the ratio of the inner to the outer diameter of the myelin sheath of a myelinated axon. It has a limited dynamic range in healthy white matter, as it is optimized for speed of signal conduction, cellular energetics, and spatial constraints. In vivo imaging of the g-ratio in health and disease would greatly increase our knowledge of
arxiv +1 more source
What Does Iron Mean to an Oligodendrocyte?
Glia, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Iron is essential for life and plays a key role in multiple fundamental cellular functions. The brain has the highest rate of energy consumption, and within the brain, oligodendrocytes have the highest level of oxidative metabolism per volume. Oligodendrocytes also stain the strongest for iron.
Quinn W. Wade, James R. Connor
wiley +1 more source
Glia, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common non‐infectious inflammatory CNS disease, characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and focal demyelinated lesions. Traditionally considered an autoimmune disease, MS is driven by the immune system's attack on CNS myelin, resulting in cumulative disability.
Volker Siffrin
wiley +1 more source
Formation of Compact Myelin Is Required for Maturation of the Axonal Cytoskeleton [PDF]
, 1999 Although traditional roles ascribed to myelinating glial cells are structural and supportive, the importance of compact myelin for proper functioning of the nervous system can be inferred from mutations in myelin proteins and neuropathologies associated ...
Brady, Scott T. +6 more
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