Results 81 to 90 of about 6,457 (246)

Microgravity‐induced changes in skeletal muscle and possible countermeasures: What we can learn from bed rest and human space studies

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Despite exercise countermeasures to sustain health and performance in spaceflight, complete maintenance of muscle mass and functions in microgravity is still not possible for most astronauts. The principal cause of the limited effectiveness of existing exercise countermeasures is the difficulty in achieving full loading forces in space.
Alessandra Bosutti, Bergita Ganse, Nicola A. Maffiuletti, Rob C. I. Wüst, Gustav J. Strijkers, Andy Sanderson, Hans Degens   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Unilateral electrical stimulation of mice induces transcriptional response in stimulated leg with limited effect on non‐stimulated contralateral leg

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Electrical stimulation is widely used to investigate localised muscle adaptations, with applications in both sports and rehabilitation. However, the systemic effects of electrical stimulation, particularly in the contralateral muscles that are not directly stimulated, are not well understood.
Takanaga Shirai, Kazuki Uemichi, Tohru Takemasa, Yu Kitaoka   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Skeletal Muscle, Myokines and Health

Medicine Science | International Medical Journal, 2012
There is accumulating epidemiological evidence that a physically active life plays an independent role in the protection against metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and dementia. For most of the last century, researchers sought a link between muscle contraction and humoral changes in the form of an 'exercise factor ...
openaire   +3 more sources

Exercise modality‐dependent mitochondrial respiratory capacity in satellite cells and conditioned serum‐induced responses in cultured myotubes

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Exercise‐induced mitochondrial adaptations contribute to muscle function and metabolic health. We aimed to investigate the association of moderate‐intensity swimming (MOD) and high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) with mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle cells treated with exercise‐conditioned serum.
Takanaga Shirai, Hayato Shinkai, Riku Tanimura, Kazuki Uemichi, Shunsuke Sugiyama, Kohei Takeda, Yu Kitaoka, Tohru Takemasa   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Low-Dose Pulsatile Interleukin-6 As a Treatment Option for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2017
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) remains one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes. Currently, pharmacological agents are limited to treating the pain associated with DPN, and do not address the underlying pathological mechanisms ...
Gautam Ghatnekar, April Ann Cox, Yves Sagot, Gael Hedou, Christina Grek, Travis Wilkes, Aaron I. Vinik   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Exploring neuronal mechanisms of osteosarcopenia in older adults

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend The mechanosensitive osteocytic network within the bone matrix acts as a receptor and plays a crucial role in the functional adaptation of bone to mechanical loading. Through mechanotransduction, osteocytes convert mechanical impulses into electrical signals, which are transmitted via afferent nerves to sympathetic preganglionic ...
Ilhan Karacan, Kemal Sıtkı Türker
wiley   +1 more source

Adipokines, Myokines and Cardiovascular Disease

Circulation Journal, 2009
It is recognized that obesity contributes to cardiovascular and metabolic disorders through alterations in the levels of adipocyte-derived cytokines (adipokines). Adiponectin is an adipokine that is downregulated in obese individuals. It has beneficial actions on the cardiovascular system by directly acting on the heart and blood vessels, and acute ...
openaire   +3 more sources

Myoblast-Derived Galectin 3 Impairs the Early Phases of Osteogenesis Affecting Notch and Akt Activity

Biomolecules
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a pleiotropic lectin produced by most cell types, which regulates multiple cellular processes in various tissues. In bone, depending on its cellular localization, Gal-3 has a dual and opposite role.
Emanuela Amore, Vittoria Cenni, Manuela Piazzi, Michele Signore, Giulia Orlandi, Simona Neri, Stefano Biressi, Rosario Barone, Valentina Di Felice, Matilde Y. Follo, Jessika Bertacchini, Carla Palumbo   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

The central benefit of physiologically induced ketogenic states

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend This review describes the association between ketogenic states induced by physiological interventions such as fasting or aerobic exercise, exogenous ketone supply and ketogenic diets, as well as increased cognition through increased activity of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
Antonia Giacco, Giuseppe Petito, Rosalba Senese, Maria Moreno, Assunta Lombardi, Antonia Lanni, Pieter de Lange   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Alterations of the Adipo–Myokine Irisin in Sepsis and Septic Shock: Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications

Biomolecules
Irisin, a novel adipo-myokine with metabolic regulatory functions, exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic actions that may confer protection against sepsis-induced organ injury in experimental studies.
Irene Karampela, Natalia G. Vallianou, Dimitrios Tsilingiris, Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos, Sotiria Psallida, Dimitris Kounatidis, Theodora Stratigou, Ioanna Marinou, Evaggelos Vogiatzakis, Maria Dalamaga   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source