Results 161 to 170 of about 7,059 (201)

Catalytic bioscavengers as countermeasures against organophosphate nerve agents

Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2018
Recent years have seen an increasing number of incidence, in which organophosphate nerve agents (OPNAs) have been used against civilians with devastating outcomes. Current medical countermeasures against OPNA intoxications are aimed at mitigating their symptoms, but are unable to effectively prevent them. In addition, they may fail to prevent the onset
Moshe, Goldsmith, Yacov, Ashani
openaire   +4 more sources

Identification of organophosphate nerve agents by the DMS detector

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2015
Abstract Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is an appropriate technique to detect and identify chemical warfare agents (CWAs), in particular nerve agents. In many cases, the challenge is to correctly distinguish between nerve agents such as sarin, soman, tabun and VX.
Mirosław Maziejuk, Michał Ceremuga, Monika Szyposzyńska, Tomasz Sikora, Anna Zalewska   +4 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Detoxification of organophosphate nerve agents by bacterial phosphotriesterase

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2005
Organophosphates have been widely used as insecticides and chemical warfare agents. The health risks associated with these agents have necessitated the need for better detoxification and bioremediation tools. Bacterial enzymes capable of hydrolyzing the lethal organophosphate nerve agents are of special interest.
Eman, Ghanem, Frank M, Raushel
openaire   +4 more sources

Biosensor for direct determination of organophosphate nerve agents. 1. Potentiometric enzyme electrode

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 1999
A potentiometric enzyme electrode for the direct measurement of organophosphate (OP) nerve agents was developed. The basic element of this enzyme electrode was a pH electrode modified with an immobilized organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) layer formed by cross-linking OPH with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and glutaradehyde.
P, Mulchandani, A, Mulchandani, I, Kaneva, W, Chen   +3 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Remote Biosensor for In-Situ MOnitoring of Organophosphate Nerve Agents

Electroanalysis, 1999
A remote electrochemical biosensor for field monitoring of organophosphate nerve agents is described. The new sensor relies on the coupling of the effective biocatalytic action of organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) with a submersible amperometric probe design.
Joseph Wang, Liang Chen, Ashok Mulchandani, Priti Mulchandani, Wilfred Chen   +4 more
openaire   +3 more sources

A Potentiometric Microbial Biosensor for Direct Determination of Organophosphate Nerve Agents

Electroanalysis, 1998
An easy to construct and inexpensive potentiometric microbial biosensor for the direct measurement of organophosphate (OP) nerve agents was developed. The biological sensing element of this biosensor was recombinant Escherichia coli cells containing the plasmid pJK33 that expressed organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) intracellularly.
Ashok Mulchandani, Priti Mulchandani, Samir Chauhan, Irina Kaneva, Wilfred Chen   +4 more
openaire   +3 more sources

3D‐printed Electrochemical Sensor for Organophosphate Nerve Agents

Electroanalysis, 2022
Abstract3D‐printing has revolutionized various industries and scientific research by its substantial benefits such as fast prototyping, high accuracy, durability, and customized shapes. Fused deposition modeling has been used in the fabrication of 3D‐printed nanocarbon electrodes.
null Jyoti, Edurne Redondo, Osamah Alduhaish, Martin Pumera   +3 more
openaire   +1 more source

Acetylcholinesterase-Based Organophosphate Nerve Agent Sensing Photonic Crystal

Analytical Chemistry, 2005
We developed a polymerized crystalline colloidal array (PCCA) photonic crystal sensing material that senses the organophosphorus compound parathion at ultratrace concentrations in aqueous solutions. A periodic array of colloidal particles is embedded in a hydrogel network with a lattice spacing such that it Bragg diffracts visible light.
Jeremy P, Walker, Sanford A, Asher
openaire   +2 more sources

Organophosphate Nerve Agent Toxicity in Hydra attenuata

Chemical Research in Toxicology, 2003
The toxicity for analogues of sarin (GB), soman (GD), and VX was evaluated using Hydra attenuata as a model organism. The organophosphate nerve agent analogue simulants used in this investigation included the following: isopropyl p-nitrophenyl methylphosphonate (for GB); pinacolyl p-nitrophenyl methylphosphonate (for GD); and diisopropyl S-(2 ...
Karin T, Lum, Henry J, Huebner, Yingchun, Li, Timothy D, Phillips, Frank M, Raushel   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Organophosphate hydrolases as catalytic bioscavengers of organophosphorus nerve agents

Toxicology Letters, 2011
Bioscavengers are molecules able to neutralize neurotoxic organophosphorus compounds (OP) before they can reach their biological target. Human butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE) is a natural bioscavenger each molecule of enzyme neutralizing one molecule of OP. The amount of natural enzyme is insufficient to achieve good protection.
Marie, Trovaslet-Leroy, Lucie, Musilova, Frédérique, Renault, Xavier, Brazzolotto, Jan, Misik, Ladislav, Novotny, Marie-Thérèse, Froment, Emilie, Gillon, Mélanie, Loiodice, Laurent, Verdier, Patrick, Masson, Daniel, Rochu, Daniel, Jun, Florian, Nachon   +13 more
openaire   +2 more sources