Results 221 to 230 of about 41,666 (255)

Modulation of intestinal paracellular permeability by intracellular mediators and cytoskeleton

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 1997
The influence of cytoskeletal inhibitors (cytochalasin E and colchicine) and intracellular mediators (cAMP, Ca2+, and protein kinase C) in the control of paracellular permeability to mannitol has been examined in rat jejunum in Ussing-type chambers. Cytoskeletal inhibitors, cytochalasin E (20 mumol.L-1) or colchicine (0.5 mmol.L-1), when present in ...
M, Pérez, A, Barber, F, Ponz
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Nonelectrolyte permeability of the paracellular pathway in Necturus proximal tubule

American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content, 1975
Micropuncture experiments were performed on Necturus proximal tubule using stationary microperfusion and microrecollection techniques. The transepithelial movement of the extracellular marker, sucrose, was used to investigate the passive permeability of the paracellular shunt pathway under steady-state conditions, during spontaneous reabsorption and ...
C A, Berry, E L, Boulpaep
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Enhancing paracellular permeability by modulating epithelial tight junctions

Pharmaceutical Science & Technology Today, 2000
The intestinal epithelium is a major barrier to the absorption of hydrophilic drugs. The presence of intercellular junctional complexes, particularly the tight junctions (zona occludens), renders the epithelium impervious to hydrophilic drugs, which cannot diffuse across the cells through the lipid bilayer of the cell membranes.
, Ward, , Tippin, , Thakker
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Tight junctions and the molecular basis for regulation of paracellular permeability

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 1995
Tight junctions create a regulated paracellular barrier to the movement of water, solutes, and immune cells between both epithelial and endothelial cells. Recent progress has been made in identifying the proteins that create this barrier. The transmembrane protein occludin is an excellent candidate for the sealing protein and is bound on the ...
J M, Anderson, C M, Van Itallie
openaire   +2 more sources

Correlation of in vitro cytotoxicity with paracellular permeability in Caco-2 cells

Toxicology in Vitro, 2005
This in vitro study aims to develop a cell culture model that compares paracellular permeability (PP) with acute cytotoxicity (AC). Caco-2 cells were seeded in 96-well plates and on polycarbonate filter inserts. Confluent monolayers were exposed to increasing concentrations of 20 reference chemicals for 24-h and 72-h.
Frank A Barile
exaly   +3 more sources

Modulation of Endothelial Paracellular Permeability

1992
Inflammatory edema is a significant element of many disease, e.g., adult respiratory distress syndrome, septicemia, and hypoxia/reperfusion syndrome. In vivo studies have sought to identify the mechanism(s) by which inflammatory mediators produce edema.
F. R. Haselton, J. S. Alexander, S. N. Mueller, A. P. Fishman   +3 more
openaire   +1 more source

Mapping the Blood Vessels with Paracellular Permeability in the Retinas of Diabetic Rats

Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science, 2003
Diabetic retinopathy increases the permeability of the blood-retinal barrier, but the specific vessels that become permeable have not been identified. Both transcellular and paracellular pathways of vascular solute flux have been proposed. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that paracellular flux contributes to increased retinal vascular ...
Alistair J Barber, David A Antonetti
exaly   +3 more sources

PERMEABILITY OF MYOCARDIAL CAPILLARIES TO HYDROPHILIC DRUGS: THE PARACELLULAR PATHWAY

Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 1996
SUMMARY1. As the majority of drug molecules are relatively small and lipophilic, capillary uptake in those regions with a continuous endothelium, such as the heart, has generally been regarded as taking place by flow‐limited transcellular capillary transport.
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Regulation of Endothelial Permeability via Paracellular and Transcellular Transport Pathways

Annual Review of Physiology, 2010
The endothelium functions as a semipermeable barrier regulating tissue fluid homeostasis and transmigration of leukocytes and providing essential nutrients across the vessel wall. Transport of plasma proteins and solutes across the endothelium involves two different routes: one transcellular, via caveolae-mediated vesicular transport, and the other ...
Yulia, Komarova, Asrar B, Malik
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Water permeability in the human amnion: pH regulation of the paracellular pathway

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, 1989
Human amnion was mounted, immediately after delivery, as a diaphragm between two lucite chambers and the net transepithelial water movement (Jw) was recorded minute by minute. When Jw was plotted against the applied transepithelial hydrostatic pressure (fetal side positive), in the absence of any other gradient, a linear relationship was observed ...
M, Porta, C, Capurro, M, Parisi
openaire   +2 more sources