Results 41 to 50 of about 27,448 (202)

Environment and Behavior: Neurochemical Effects of Different Diets in the Calf Brain

Animals, 2019
Calves reared for the production of white veal are subjected to stressful events due to the type of liquid diet they receive. Stress responses are mediated by three main stress-responsive cerebral regions: the prefrontal cortex, the paraventricular ...
Angelo Peli, Annamaria Grandis, Marco Tassinari, Paolo Famigli Bergamini, Claudio Tagliavia, Mariana Roccaro, Cristiano Bombardi   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Input-specific modulation of murine nucleus accumbens differentially regulates hedonic feeding

Nature Communications, 2021
Hedonic feeding occurs in the absence of metabolic need and plays a critical role in the excessive feeding that underlies obesity. The authors show that optogenetic manipulation of NAc inputs from the prefrontal cortex versus inputs from the anterior ...
Daniel J. Christoffel, Jessica J. Walsh, Boris D. Heifets, Paul Hoerbelt, Sophie Neuner, Gordon Sun, Vinod K. Ravikumar, Hemmings Wu, Casey H. Halpern, Robert C. Malenka   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

Paternal Caffeine Exposure Programs Offspring Stress Vulnerability via Sperm Dlk1‐Dio3 Imprinting‐Directed Remodeling of a Novel Neural Circuit

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
The study elucidates that paternal preconception stress can drive offspring hyperresponsivity of the stress system via hypomethylation of a specific DNA region in sperm. This key link is confirmed in a cohort of prospective fathers: the epigenetic alteration is associated with elevated stress hormone levels.
Mengxi Lu, Gaole Dai, Sen Zhu, Shuai Zhang, Tingting Wang, Yuan Meng, Fang Yang, Xiaoyi Han, Hui Wang, Hao Kou, Dan Xu   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Palatable‐Food–Driven Top‐Down Circuit Inhibits PVNCRF Activity to Mitigate Stress Via Peri‐PVNCRFR1 Neurons

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Palatable food alleviates stress and prevents anxiety. This study uncovers a dedicated neural pathway: dopamine release in the PFC activates D1R neurons, whose projections to the peri‐PVN engage a population of anxiolytic CRFR1 neurons. These neurons then inhibit stress‐induced hyperactivity of PVNCRF neurons, providing a circuit‐level explanation for ...
Yuchuan Hong, Shirui Jun, Tianjiao Deng, Gaojie Shao, Dan Liu, Yi Sun, Yan Chen, Qian Xiao, Jie Shao, Sheng Wang, Tianwen Huang, Fan Yang, Jie Tu   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

Connectivity from OR37 expressing olfactory sensory neurons to distinct cell types in the hypothalamus

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, 2012
Olfactory sensory neurons which express a member from the OR37 subfamily of odorant receptor genes are wired to the main olfactory bulb in a unique monoglomerular fashion; from these glomeruli an untypical connectivity into higher brain centers exists ...
Andrea eBader, Bettina eKlein, Heinz eBreer, Joerg eStrotmann   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Sexually dimorphic dynamics of thyroid axis activity during fasting in rats

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, 2020
Starvation induces tertiary hypothyroidism in adult rodents. Response of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis to starvation is stronger in adult males than in females.
Patricia Joseph-Bravo, Iván Lazcano, Lorraine Jaimes-Hoy, Mariana Gutierrez-Mariscal, Edith Sanchez-Jaramillo, Rosa María Uribe, Jean-Louis Charli   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

PBN-PVT projections modulate negative affective states in mice

eLife, 2022
Long-lasting negative affections dampen enthusiasm for life, and dealing with negative affective states is essential for individual survival. The parabrachial nucleus (PBN) and thalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVT) are critical for modulating affective ...
Ya-Bing Zhu, Yan Wang, Xiao-Xiao Hua, Ling Xu, Ming-Zhe Liu, Rui Zhang, Peng-Fei Liu, Jin-Bao Li, Ling Zhang, Di Mu   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

Astrocytic FDX1 Contributes to Copper Dyshomeostasis‐associated Synaptic Dysfunction in Depression and Is Modulated by Exercise

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Chronic stress disrupts copper homeostasis and promotes copper accumulation in the prelimbic cortex, leading to astrocytic FDX1 upregulation. Elevated astrocytic FDX1 impairs calcium signaling, induces structural atrophy, and disrupts synaptic function, contributing to depressive‐like behaviors. Physical exercise reverses these alterations by restoring
Lina Gao, Rongji Hui, Zhibo Tang, Tao Feng, Zhihang Hu, Xiaoqing Zhang, Ping Jiang, Hui Zhao, Kwok‐Fai So, Tianyuan Luo, Yanzhou Chang, Lan Yan   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source

Neural and molecular investigation into the paraventricular thalamic-nucleus accumbens circuit for pain sensation and non-opioid analgesia

Pharmacological Research, 2023
The paucity of medications with novel mechanisms for pain treatment combined with the severe adverse effects of opioid analgesics has led to an imperative pursuit of non-opioid analgesia and a better understanding of pain mechanisms.
Guangchao Zhang, Mengqiao Cui, Ran Ji, Shiya Zou, Lingzhen Song, Bingqian Fan, Li Yang, Di Wang, Suwan Hu, Xiao Zhang, Tantan Fang, Xiaolu Yu, Jun-Xia Yang, Dipesh Chaudhury, He Liu, Ankang Hu, Hai-Lei Ding, Jun-Li Cao, Hongxing Zhang   +18 more
doaj   +1 more source

Porcine kidney xenotransplantation: From primate models to clinical reality

Animal Models and Experimental Medicine, EarlyView.
In the face of a critical shortage of human donor kidneys for end‐stage renal disease patients, porcine kidney xenotransplantation has emerged as a viable solution. This field has navigated major hurdles, including immune rejection, physiological incompatibilities, potential biomechanical differences and the risk of cross‐species infection. To overcome
Zihang Guo, Ling Zhang, Shoulong Deng, Chuan Qin   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source