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Peptidoglycan LD-Transpeptidases

Antibiotics
LD-Transpeptidases (LDTs) are a widely conserved class of peptidoglycan (PG) crosslinking enzymes in bacteria. They are sometimes overlooked as they often act secondary to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) under standard conditions.
Samuel Gastrell, Waldemar Vollmer
doaj   +6 more sources

Staphylococcus aureus sacculus mediates activities of M23 hydrolases

Nature Communications, 2023
Peptidoglycan, a gigadalton polymer, functions as the scaffold for bacterial cell walls and provides cell integrity. Peptidoglycan is remodelled by a large and diverse group of peptidoglycan hydrolases, which control bacterial cell growth and division ...
Alicja Razew, Cedric Laguri, Alicia Vallet, Catherine Bougault, Magdalena Kaus-Drobek, Izabela Sabala, Jean-Pierre Simorre   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

The Role of Mre Factors and Cell Division in Peptidoglycan Growth in the Multicellular Cyanobacterium Anabaena

mBio, 2022
Bacteria in general serve two main tasks: cell growth and division. Both processes include peptidoglycan extension to allow cell expansion and to form the poles of the daughter cells, respectively.
Cristina Velázquez-Suárez, Ana Valladares, Ignacio Luque, Antonia Herrero   +3 more
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An NlpC/P60 protein catalyzes a key step in peptidoglycan recycling at the intersection of energy recovery, cell division and immune evasion in the intracellular pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis.

PLoS Pathogens, 2023
The obligate intracellular Chlamydiaceae do not need to resist osmotic challenges and thus lost their cell wall in the course of evolution. Nevertheless, these pathogens maintain a rudimentary peptidoglycan machinery for cell division.
Jula Reuter, Christian Otten, Nicolas Jacquier, Junghoon Lee, Dominique Mengin-Lecreulx, Iris Löckener, Robert Kluj, Christoph Mayer, Federico Corona, Julia Dannenberg, Sébastien Aeby, Henrike Bühl, Gilbert Greub, Waldemar Vollmer, Scot P Ouellette, Tanja Schneider, Beate Henrichfreise   +16 more
doaj   +1 more source

Acinetobacter baumannii Can Survive with an Outer Membrane Lacking Lipooligosaccharide Due to Structural Support from Elongasome Peptidoglycan Synthesis

mBio, 2021
Gram-negative bacteria resist external stresses due to cell envelope rigidity, which is provided by two membranes and a peptidoglycan layer. The outer membrane (OM) surface contains lipopolysaccharide (LPS; contains O-antigen) or lipooligosaccharide (LOS)
Brent W. Simpson, Marta Nieckarz, Victor Pinedo, Amanda B. McLean, Felipe Cava, M. Stephen Trent   +5 more
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The Absence of a Mature Cell Wall Sacculus in Stable Listeria monocytogenes L-Form Cells Is Independent of Peptidoglycan Synthesis. [PDF]

PLoS ONE, 2016
L-forms are cell wall-deficient variants of otherwise walled bacteria that maintain the ability to survive and proliferate in absence of the surrounding peptidoglycan sacculus.
Patrick Studer, Marina Borisova, Alexander Schneider, Juan A Ayala, Christoph Mayer, Markus Schuppler, Martin J Loessner, Yves Briers   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

A SpoIID Homolog Cleaves Glycan Strands at the Chlamydial Division Septum

mBio, 2019
Chlamydiales species are obligate intracellular bacteria lacking a classical peptidoglycan sacculus but relying on peptidoglycan synthesis for cytokinesis.
Nicolas Jacquier, Akhilesh K. Yadav, Trestan Pillonel, Patrick H. Viollier, Felipe Cava, Gilbert Greub   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Peptidoglycan derived from MLGA up-regulates the expression of chicken -defensin 9 without triggering an inflammatory response

Innate Immunity, 2020
Defensins are critical components of the innate immune system and play an important role in the integration of innate and adaptive immune responses.
Juan Huang, Junhui Li, Qiufen Li, Lin Li, Nianhua Zhu, Xiaowen Xiong, Guanhong Li   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Atomic Force Microscopy of Side Wall and Septa Peptidoglycan From Bacillus subtilis Reveals an Architectural Remodeling During Growth

Frontiers in Microbiology, 2018
Peptidoglycan is the fundamental structural constituent of the bacterial cell wall. Despite many years of research, the architecture of peptidoglycan is still largely elusive.
Kang Li, Xiao-Xue Yuan, He-Min Sun, Long-Sheng Zhao, Ruocong Tang, Zhi-Hua Chen, Qi-Long Qin, Xiu-Lan Chen, Yu-Zhong Zhang, Yu-Zhong Zhang, Yu-Zhong Zhang, Hai-Nan Su, Hai-Nan Su   +12 more
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Digestion of Peptidoglycan and Analysis of Soluble Fragments

Bio-Protocol, 2017
Peptidoglycan (murein) is a vital component of the cell wall of nearly all bacteria, composed of sugars linked by short peptides. This protocol describes the purification of macromolecular peptidoglycan from cultured bacteria and the analysis of enzyme ...
Ryan Schaub, Joseph Dillard
doaj   +1 more source