Results 61 to 70 of about 2,852 (175)

Perineuronal nets in brain physiology and disease

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, 2019
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) in the brain are condensed glycosaminoglycan-rich extracellular matrix structures with heterogeneous composition yet specific organization. They typically assemble around a subset of fast-spiking interneurons that are implicated in learning and memory.
Damien Testa, Alain Prochiantz, Ariel A. Di Nardo   +2 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Axon Initial Segment: Structure, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets

MedComm, Volume 7, Issue 4, April 2026.
The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized axonal domain critical for maintaining neuronal polarity, action potential initiation, and network stability. This review summarizes the necessary elements for maintaining AIS structure and plasticity, discussing crucial biological functions of AIS in neuronal signaling and the neural circuit homeostasis,
Dong‐Yan Song, Lin Yuan, Weiguo Yang, Wen Li, Jia‐Yi Li   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Early Destruction of the Extracellular Matrix around Parvalbumin-Immunoreactive Interneurons in Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

Neurobiology of Disease, 1999
GABA-interneurons immunoreactive (IR) for the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin are lost during the early stages of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and diminution in their number may partially account for the neurological disturbances manifested in ...
Pavel V. Belichenko, Judith Miklossy, Brigitte Belser, Herbert Budka, Marco R. Celio   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Mechanisms of spinal glial activation in chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy: Focus on microglia and astrocytes

Ibrain, Volume 12, Issue 1, Page 65-85, Spring 2026.
Chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) remains a major clinical challenge, with central sensitization considered an important pathological mechanism in its occurrence and persistence. This review focuses on spinal astrocytes and microglia, systematically summarizing the pathological mechanisms of spinal glial cells involved in CIPN caused by
Long Gu, Song Cao, Yonghuai Feng
wiley   +1 more source

Inhibitory circuit dysfunction as a potential contributor to cortical reorganization in Glioblastoma progression

Neurobiology of Disease
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor that infiltrates surrounding brain tissue, profoundly affecting adjacent cortical areas. This study investigates how GBM reshapes the peritumoral cortex by examining plasticity changes in two GBM ...
Cristina Spalletti, Marta Scalera, Elisabetta Mori, Sabrin Haddad, Marco Mainardi, Daniele Cangi, Vinoshene Pillai, Elena Parmigiani, Silvia Landi, Matteo Caleo, Eleonora Vannini   +10 more
doaj   +1 more source

Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans in CNS Development and Pathophysiology

Journal of Neuroscience Research, Volume 104, Issue 3, March 2026.
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are critical components of the extracellular matrix in the central nervous system (CNS). In the developing CNS, CSPGs regulate neural precursor cells, neuronal migration, axon guidance, synapse organization, and peri‐neuronal net assembly.
Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini, Soheila Karimi‐Abdolrezaee   +1 more
wiley   +1 more source

Toxoplasma gondii infection damages the perineuronal nets in a murine model [PDF]

Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
BACKGROUND Behavioral and neurochemical alterations associated with toxoplasmosis may be influenced by the persistence of tissue cysts and activation of an immune response in the brain of Toxoplasma gondii-infected hosts.
Ywlliane da Silva Rodrigues Meurer, Ramayana Morais de Medeiros Brito, Valeria Palheta da Silva, Joelma Maria de Araujo Andade, Sarah Sophia Guedes Linhares, Antonio Pereira Junior, Valter Ferreira de Andrade-Neto, Andrea Lima de Sá, Claudio Bruno Silva de Oliveira   +8 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Protocol for assessing the role of hippocampal perineuronal nets in aversive memories

STAR Protocols, 2021
Summary: Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are emerging as critical regulators of memory-related neuronal processes. However, their exact contribution depends on type of memory, consolidation stage, or brain region, and remains to be fully investigated.
Vladimir Jovasevic, Hui Zhang, Zorica Petrovic, Ana Cicvaric, Jelena Radulovic   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Prefrontal Cortex Dysfunction as a Precipitating Factor for Schizophrenia and Depression

Journal of Neurochemistry, Volume 170, Issue 3, March 2026.
Stress during adolescence or adulthood affects the ability of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to adaptively regulate stress. Maladaptive adult stress leads to PFC hypofunction and a hypodopaminergic state in the medial, affect‐related ventral tegmental area (VTA), resulting in amotivation.
Daniela L. Uliana, Anthony A. Grace
wiley   +1 more source

AMPA Receptor Antagonist NBQX Decreased Seizures by Normalization of Perineuronal Nets. [PDF]

PLoS ONE, 2016
Epilepsy is a serious brain disorder with diverse seizure types and epileptic syndromes. AMPA receptor antagonist 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulfamoyl-benzoquinoxaline-2,3-dione (NBQX) attenuates spontaneous recurrent seizures in rats.
Wen Chen, Yan-Shuang Li, Jing Gao, Xiao-Ying Lin, Xiao-Hong Li   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source