Results 11 to 20 of about 3,085 (184)

Transcriptional Regulatory Role of NELL2 in Preproenkephalin Gene Expression. [PDF]

Mol Cells, 2022
Preproenkephalin (PPE) is a precursor molecule for multiple endogenous opioid peptides Leu-enkephalin (ENK) and Met-ENK, which are involved in a wide variety of modulatory functions in the nervous system. Despite the functional importance of ENK in the brain, the effect of brain-derived factor(s) on PPE expression is unknown.
Ha CM, Kim DH, Lee TH, Kim HR, Choi J, Kim Y, Kang D, Park JW, Ojeda SR, Jeong JK, Lee BJ.   +10 more
europepmc   +3 more sources

Chemically Fueled Communication Along a Scaffolded Nanoscale Array of Squaramides

Angewandte Chemie, Volume 135, Issue 38, September 18, 2023., 2023
A two nanometer‐long molecular device has been synthesised that contains a rigid rod ‐ to provide structural definition ‐ attached to a molecular relay that switches direction in response to an incoming signal. Like natural systems, it responds to temporal changes in a signal, exemplified by the consumption of a molecular fuel, changes that are ...
Luis Martínez‐Crespo, Iñigo J. Vitórica‐Yrezábal, George F. S. Whitehead, Simon J. Webb   +3 more
wiley   +2 more sources

Regulatory T Cells for Stroke Recovery: A Promising Immune Therapeutic Strategy. [PDF]

CNS Neurosci Ther
Both adoptive transfer of the expanded Tregs and increasing Treg numbers via agents that can stimulate endogenous Treg proliferation are therapeutic strategies for enhancing Treg levels in stroke. Tregs play a crucial role in neuroprotection and functional recovery after stroke by restoring the integrity of the blood–brain barrier, suppressing the ...
Li N, Wang H, Hu C, Qie S, Liu Z.
europepmc   +2 more sources

Female preproenkephalin-knockout mice display altered emotional responses [PDF]

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2001
The endogenous opioid system has been implicated in sexual behavior, palatable intake, fear, and anxiety. The present study examined whether ovariectomized female transgenic preproenkephalin-knockout (PPEKO) mice and their wild-type and heterozygous controls displayed alterations in fear and anxiety paradigms, sucrose intake, and lordotic behavior.
A, Ragnauth, A, Schuller, M, Morgan, J, Chan, S, Ogawa, J, Pintar, R J, Bodnar, D W, Pfaff   +7 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Depolarization regulates adrenal preproenkephalin mRNA. [PDF]

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1985
The regulation of neuropeptide gene expression has been investigated by using rat adrenal medullae grown in explant culture. After 3 days in culture the (now denervated) explants exhibited a 10-fold increase in leucine-enkephalin (leu-EK) content. Inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide completely blocked the rise, whereas inhibition of RNA ...
E F, LaGamma, J D, White, J E, Adler, J E, Krause, J F, McKelvy, I B, Black   +5 more
openaire   +2 more sources

μ-Opioid Receptor Dynamics in the Parameningeal Tissue During Migraine Attacks. [PDF]

Ann Neurol
Objective The possible impact of meningeal μ‐opioid receptor (μOR) binding in migraine remains unknown. This study investigated μOR availability in the cranial parameninges involved in migraine initiation via nociceptor activation. Methods We used positron emission tomography with [11C] carfentanil, and measured μOR availability in meninges and ...
Kim DJ, Lim M, Nascimento TD, Porreca F, Koeppe RA, Hadjikhani N, DaSilva AF.   +6 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

The inhibition of enkephalin catabolism by dual enkephalinase inhibitor: A novel possible therapeutic approach for opioid use disorders

British Journal of Pharmacology, Volume 180, Issue 7, Page 879-893, April 2023., 2023
Despite the increasing impact of opioid use disorders on society, there is a disturbing lack of effective medications for their clinical management. An interesting innovative strategy to treat these disorders consists in the protection of endogenous opioid peptides to activate opioid receptors, avoiding the classical opioid‐like side effects.
Beltran Alvarez‐Perez, Hervé Poras, Rafael Maldonado   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

A compendium of validated pain genes

WIREs Mechanisms of Disease, Volume 14, Issue 6, November/December 2022., 2022
An overview of pain signaling pathways, with tissue expression patterns of 242 validated pain genes. Abstract The development of novel pain therapeutics hinges on the identification and rigorous validation of potential targets. Model organisms provide a means to test the involvement of specific genes and regulatory elements in pain.
Eric Wistrom, Rebecca Chase, Patrick R. Smith, Zachary T. Campbell   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Preproenkephalin Knockout Mice Show No Depression-Related Phenotype [PDF]

Neuropsychopharmacology, 2007
Clinical, preclinical, and pharmacological studies have suggested that decreased enkephalin tone is associated with depression-like symptoms and increase in enkephalin signaling could have a therapeutic value in the treatment of depression. In this study we demonstrate that, surprisingly, animals lacking enkephalin (preproenkephalin, Penk1(-/-)) showed
Andras, Bilkei-Gorzo, Kerstin, Michel, Florence, Noble, Bernard P, Roques, Andreas, Zimmer   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Kappa opioids inhibit the GABA/glycine terminals of rostral ventromedial medulla projections in the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord

The Journal of Physiology, Volume 600, Issue 18, Page 4187-4205, 15 September 2022., 2022
Abstract figure legend We combined ex vivo optogenetic stimulation of RVM fibres with whole cell electrophysiology of SDH neurons to investigate the final synapse in a key descending pain modulatory pathway. We demonstrate that both glycine and GABA mediate signalling at the RVM‐SDH synapse, that the SDH targets of RVM projections have diverse ...
Yo Otsu, Karin R. Aubrey
wiley   +1 more source