Results 151 to 160 of about 29,089 (240)

Axon Initial Segment: Structure, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets

MedComm, Volume 7, Issue 4, April 2026.
The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized axonal domain critical for maintaining neuronal polarity, action potential initiation, and network stability. This review summarizes the necessary elements for maintaining AIS structure and plasticity, discussing crucial biological functions of AIS in neuronal signaling and the neural circuit homeostasis,
Dong‐Yan Song, Lin Yuan, Weiguo Yang, Wen Li, Jia‐Yi Li   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Toxic mechanisms of amyloid oligomers and therapeutic strategies

Protein Science, Volume 35, Issue 4, April 2026.
Abstract Amyloid oligomers are increasingly recognized as the major toxic contributors across protein‐misfolding disorders. In this review, we cover mechanistic evidence showing how these transient and structurally heterogeneous oligomers disrupt cellular homeostasis by: (i) permeabilizing lipid membranes and forming ion‐conducting pores; (ii ...
Magdalena I. Ivanova, Carmelo La Rosa, Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Neuroprotective Effects of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles During Spaceflight

Small Science, Volume 6, Issue 4, April 2026.
Cerium oxide nanoparticles are investigated as antioxidant neuroprotectants for neurons exposed to the spaceflight environment aboard the International Space Station. The treatment preserves neuronal morphology, supports neurite outgrowth, and stabilizes gene networks involved in antioxidant defense, mitochondrial function, and dopamine metabolism ...
Alessio Carmignani, Attilio Marino, Matteo Battaglini, Nicoletta Di Leo, Elisa Carrubba, Michele Balsamo, Giovanni Valentini, Gabriele Mascetti, Serena Perilli, Francesco De Boni, Sergio Marras, Mirko Prato, Giada Graziana Genchi, Gianni Ciofani   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source

The shibirets4 mutation causes temperature sensitive paralytic and lethal phenotypes in the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni

Insect Science, Volume 33, Issue 2, Page 533-546, April 2026.
Abstract Bactrocera tryoni, the Queensland fruit fly, is among the most damaging insect pests to the Australian horticultural industry as larvae infest ripening fruits or vegetables prior to harvest. Genetic biocontrol using Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) programs have been used to successfully suppress populations, via mass release of factory‐reared ...
Anzu Okada, Mamoru Okamoto, Thu N.M. Nguyen, Elisabeth Fung, Han Nguyen, Peter Crisp, Amanda Choo, Simon W. Baxter   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Spontaneous and evoked synaptic vesicle release arises from a single releasable pool

Cell Reports
Summary: The quantal content of an evoked postsynaptic response is typically determined by dividing it by the average spontaneous miniature response. However, this approach is challenged by the notion that different synaptic vesicle pools might drive ...
Junxiu Duan, Martin Kahms, Ana Steinhoff, Jürgen Klingauf   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

When Pathways Converge: Iron, Lipid Peroxidation, and α‐Synuclein in Ferroptosis‐Driven Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration

Journal of Neurochemistry, Volume 170, Issue 4, April 2026.
Dopaminergic neurons are particularly susceptible to ferroptosis. Pacemaking activity–driven calcium (Ca2+) influx increases metabolic demand and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, promoting iron release from aconitase. Alpha‐synuclein (α‐syn) enhances iron uptake via transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and exhibits ferrireductase activity, converting
Carmem L. Sperlich, Brent R. Stockwell, Marcelo Farina   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Recycling of Synaptic Vesicle Membrane Components

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 1995
Y, Kaneda, E, Grote, F, Bonzelius, C, Desnos, G, Herman, L, Clift-O'Grady, R B, Kelly   +6 more
openaire   +2 more sources

The sympathoregulatory region of the mouse rostral brainstem relies on both GABA and glycine to generate inhibitory currents

The Journal of Physiology, Volume 604, Issue 7, Page 2939-2957, 1 April 2026.
Abstract figure legend Our study demonstrates that both GABA and glycine mediate inhibitory postsynaptic currents in the ventrolateral/ventromedial medulla (VLM/VMM) and increasing the activity of inhibitory synapses facilitates glycine release. We found that presympathetic VLM/VMM neurons receive glycinergic inputs, which release both glycine and GABA,
Hong Gao, Lucie D. Desmoulins, Adrien J. R. Molinas, Courtney M. Dugas, Andrea Zsombok, Andrei V. Derbenev   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Disulfide Crosslinking Induces Rapid Degradation of Arc/Arg3.1 via Hsp70‐Mediated Ubiquitin Ligase Pathway

The FASEB Journal, Volume 40, Issue 6, 31 March 2026.
Heat shock induces Arc/Arg3.1 Cys34‐Cys159 disulfide crosslinking, promoting oligomerization and Hsp70‐CHIP‐dependent ubiquitination followed by proteasomal degradation during recovery. Disrupting disulfide formation (C159A) impairs CHIP‐mediated ubiquitination and stabilizes Arc/Arg3.1, whereas HSF1 loss limits inducible Hsp70 and leads to Arc ...
Dami So, In‐Kang Song, Yeon Jung Kim, Yeonjoo Lee, Yeon Seung Park, Hee‐Jung Kim, Kong‐Joo Lee, Eun Joo Song   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Localization of Rab5 to synaptic vesicles identifies endosomal intermediate in synaptic vesicle recycling pathway.

European journal of cell biology, 1994
After exocytosis, synaptic vesicles rapidly endocytose and recycle but little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved. Rab5 is a ubiquitous low molecular weight GTP-binding protein required for endosomal fusion in fibroblasts. We have now raised polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to rat Rab5 and show that in rat brain, Rab5 is a major ...
Fischer von Mollard, Gabriele, STAHL, B, WALCHSOLIMENA, C, TAKEI, K, DANIELS, L, KHOKLATCHEV, A, DECAMILLI, P, SUDHOF, TC, JAHN, R   +8 more
openaire   +2 more sources