Results 71 to 80 of about 22,731 (252)

Placental crises: disruptive selection and maternal under‐investment as the foundations of mammalian placental evolution and dysfunction

Biological Reviews, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Among the vertebrates, mammals are notable for the dominance of live birth and placental nutrition. The structural diversity of the mammalian placenta is remarkable, despite sharing a single common ancestor and conserved physiological functions.
Davis Laundon, Neil J. Gostling, Ian G. Reddin, Bram G. Sengers, Pascale Chavatte‐Palmer, Rohan M. Lewis   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Spatial metrics in fire ecology: seeking consistency amidst complexity

Biological Reviews, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Technological advances, including remote sensing, have led to a proliferation of metrics used in ecological studies to examine spatial patterns of fire regimes and their ecological effects. Researchers can use many different metrics to analyse spatial variation in both fire events and resulting fire regimes, including fire size, shape ...
Alexander R. Carey, Geoffrey J. Cary, Teigan Cremona, Hugh F. Davies, Brett P. Murphy, Sam C. Banks   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Incidence and predictors of virological failure among children receiving first-line anti-retroviral treatment in public comprehensive specialized hospitals found in Northeast Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study

Frontiers in Pediatrics
BackgroundDespite anti-retroviral treatment coverage in resource-limited countries being highly appreciated, the occurrence of first-line virological failure remains a priority agenda.
Estifanos Belay Abebe, Meseret Ekubay Gebregeorgis, Fuad Ahmed Seid, Alemu Birara Zemariam, Tadesse Mamo Dejene, Seteamlak Adane Masresha   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

The influence of rivers on seabird foraging ecology

Biological Reviews, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Rivers act as vital arteries to the world's oceans, delivering fresh water and nutrients that sustain marine ecosystems. Globally, river flow increasingly is being altered by climate change and anthropogenic pressures; yet the significance of rivers to predatory marine species, such as seabirds, and the extent to which river‐related changes ...
Julia B. Morais, Andre Chiaradia, Richard D. Reina   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Predictors of antiretroviral treatment failure to the first line therapy: a cross-sectional study among Iranian HIV-positive adults

BMC Infectious Diseases
Background HIV virological failure is one of the main problems in HIV-infected patients, and identifying the main predictors of such treatment failure may help in combating HIV/AIDS.
Ava Hashempour, Nastaran Khodadad, Reza Ziaei, Behzad Rezaei, Farzaneh Ghasabi, Shahab Falahi, Azra Kenarkouhi, Mohammad Ali Davarpanah   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Extent, characteristics and policy applications of Key Biodiversity Areas

Biological Reviews, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT A global standard for the identification of Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) was published 10 years ago to provide a unified set of criteria for identifying ‘sites of significance for the global persistence of biodiversity’. We review the initiative's origins, the KBA identification process, characteristics of the current network, threats, policy
Stuart H. M. Butchart, Olivia Crowe, Tom Scott, Andrew J. Plumptre, Megan Eldred, Ellen McKee, Zoltan Waliczky, Ibrahim Al Hasani, Adrián B. Azpiroz, Daniele Baisero, Fred Barasa, Alison E. Beresford, Bezeng S. Bezeng, Charlotte Boyd, Thomas M. Brooks, Graeme Buchanan, Gill Bunting, Sofia Capellan, Neil Cox, Tim R. B. Davenport, Tammy E. Davies, Gina Della Togna, Wendy Elliott, Matt Foster, Jo Gilbert, Jonathan M. Handley, Diego Juffe‐Bignoli, Victoria R. Jones, Naomi Kingston, Jeannot Kivono, John Lamoreux, Penny F. Langhammer, James Lewis, Bruce Liggitt, Daniel Marnewick, Paul Matiku, Erin McCreless, Rachel A. Neugarten, Catherine Numa, Mark O'Brien, Madhu Rao, Ciara Raudsepp‐Hearne, Justina C. Ray, Samridhi Rijal, Jon Paul Rodríguez, Jurgis Sapijanskas, Wes Sechrest, Martin Sneary, Andrew Snyder, Konstantina Spiliopoulou, Thomas Starnes, Cecilia Tobar, Gautam Surya, Marcelo F. Tognelli, Andrew W. Tordoff, Maria G. Toscano, Yongyut Trisurat, Amy Upgren   +57 more
wiley   +1 more source

High rate of virological failure and low rate of switching to second-line treatment among adolescents and adults living with HIV on first-line ART in Myanmar, 2005-2015.

PLoS ONE, 2017
BackgroundThe number of people living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Myanmar has been increasing rapidly in recent years. This study aimed to estimate rates of virological failure on first-line ART and switching to second-line ART due to ...
Nang Thu Thu Kyaw, Anthony D Harries, Ajay M V Kumar, Myo Minn Oo, Khine Wut Yee Kyaw, Than Win, Thet Ko Aung, Aung Chan Min, Htun Nyunt Oo   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Determinants of Virologic Failure among Adult HIV Patients on First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Waghimra Zone, Northern Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

Advances in Public Health, 2020
Introduction. The primary goal of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is to reduce the viral load in HIV-infected patients to promote quality of life, as well as to reduce HIV-related morbidity and mortality.
Abrham Emagnu, Zenahebezu Abay, Abera Balcha Bulti, Yaregal Animut   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Drug Resistance Patterns in HIV Patients with Virologic Failure in Iran

Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2019
We reviewed the medical charts of 1,700 patients diagnosed with HIV who referred to a central HIV clinic in Tehran between 2004 and 2017. Participants who had a viral load of > 200 copies/mL after six months or more on antiretroviral therapy (ART) were grouped as virologic failure (VF). We assessed the demographic characteristics, diagnosis date, first
Alinaghi, Seyed Ahmad Seyed, Rasoolinejad, Mehrnaz, Najafi, Zeinab, Dadras, Omid, Malekianzadeh, Ehsan, Mirzazadeh, Ali   +5 more
openaire   +5 more sources

Diet of bird‐like troodontid dinosaurs: synthesis of a contentious clade

Biological Reviews, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Troodontidae is a clade of small‐to medium‐sized maniraptoran theropods that mainly lived in Laurasia (modern Asia, North America and Europe) during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods and are believed to have had a variety of diets. The uniqueness of troodontid teeth suggests that they diverged from the typical flesh‐based diet of non‐avian ...
Yui Chi Fan, Case Vincent Miller, Michael Pittman   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source