Results 21 to 30 of about 76,183,421 (152)

Assessment of the possible health risks associated with the consumption of botanical preparations of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom)

EFSA Journal, 2022
The current report summarises the work performed in the context of the European Food Risk Assessment Fellowship Programme (EU‐FORA), which included the evaluation of health risks associated with the consumption of botanical preparations of Mitragyna ...
Georgia Papadi, Nadiya Bakhiya, Karen Ildico Hirsch‐Ernst   +2 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Evaluating kratom alkaloids using PHASE

PLoS ONE, 2020
Kratom is a botanical substance that is marketed and promoted in the US for pharmaceutical opioid indications despite having no US Food and Drug Administration approved uses.
David G Strauss, Rebecca Racz (3586589), Marlene T. Kim (5278202), Naomi L Kruhlak, Edward G Hawkins, Noel Southall, Noel Southall (187625), Christopher R. Ellis (4420009), Naomi L. Kruhlak (2962803), Rebecca Racz, Alexey V. Zakharov (603924), Keith Burkhart, David G. Strauss (3608954), Lidiya Stavitskaya, Keith Burkhart (8525538), Alexey V Zakharov, Lidiya Stavitskaya (5278199), Marlene T Kim, Christopher R Ellis, Edward G. Hawkins (2702308)   +19 more
core   +2 more sources

Genotoxicity risk assessment of a 7-hydroxymitragynine-enriched Kratom preparation: An integrated in silico and in vitro approach. [PDF]

Toxicol Rep
The increasing global use of Mitragyna speciosa (Kratom) necessitates a thorough safety assessment, particularly regarding the genotoxic potential of its key alkaloids. This study employed an integrated in silico and in vitro approach to evaluate the genotoxicity of a well-characterized, semi-synthetically enhanced Kratom preparation (SKP) enriched in ...
Harnkit N, Sahad T, Noonate I, Primpai P, Radapong S, Pipatrattanaseree W, Sincharoenpokai P, Chamnanpuen P.   +7 more
europepmc   +3 more sources

Interactive Effects of <i>µ</i>-Opioid and Adrenergic-<i>α</i> ₂ Receptor Agonists in Rats: Pharmacological Investigation of the Primary Kratom Alkaloid Mitragynine and Its Metabolite 7-Hydroxymitragynine. [PDF]

J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2022
The primary kratom alkaloid mitragynine is proposed to act through multiple mechanisms, including actions at -opioid receptors (MORs) and adrenergic- receptors (A Rs), as well as conversion in vivo to a MOR agonist metabolite (i.e., 7-hydroxymitragynine)
Obeng S, Leon F, Patel A, Zuarth Gonzalez JD, Chaves Da Silva L, Restrepo LF, Gamez-Jimenez LR, Ho NP, Guerrero Calvache MP, Pallares VLC, Helmes JA, Shiomitsu SK, Soto PL, McCurdy CR, McMahon LR, Wilkerson JL, Hiranita T.   +16 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

Management of acute withdrawal from 7-hydroxymitragynine after high-dose chronic use: A case report

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association
To report acute opioid withdrawal following abrupt cessation of high-dose 7-hydroxymitragynine (7-OH) in a patient who transitioned from kratom, and to outline pharmacist-focused assessment, management, and regulatory counseling strategies including a formal causality assessment.A 43-year-old male with opioid use disorder presented with nausea ...
Noah Lybik, Brian Cone, Sibe Skelton, Zane Elfessi   +3 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Effects of Botanical Variation, Plant Part, and Extraction Technique on Mitragynine and 7-Hydroxymitragynine in Kratom (<i>Mitragyna speciosa</i>) Extracts Quantified by a Validated HPLC-DAD Method. [PDF]

Molecules
Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) is a traditionally consumed botanical rich in the bioactive alkaloids mitragynine (MG) and 7-hydroxymitragynine (7OH-MG).
Krongrawa W, Ponphaiboon J, Koedruen J, Samran C, Limmatvapirat S, Limmatvapirat C.   +5 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

Commentary on Comstock et al.: Here we go again-Kratom and the failure to learn from the opioid crisis. [PDF]

Addiction
Addiction, Volume 121, Issue 9, Page 2468-2469, September 2026.
Kolodny A.
europepmc   +2 more sources

Biosynthesis of kratom opioids

New Phytologist, Volume 240, Issue 2, Page 757-769, October 2023., 2023
Summary Mitragynine, an analgesic alkaloid from the plant Mitragyna speciosa (kratom), offers a safer alternative to clinical opioids such as morphine, owing to its more favorable side effect profile. Although kratom has been traditionally used for stimulation and pain management in Southeast Asia, the mitragynine biosynthesis pathway has remained ...
Kyunghee Kim, Mohammadamin Shahsavarani, Jorge Jonathan Oswaldo Garza‐García, Jack Edward Carlisle, Jun Guo, Vincenzo De Luca, Yang Qu   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Transient Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Rhabdomyolysis, Associated With Chronic Kratom Use. [PDF]

Case Rep Otolaryngol
Kratom is a colloquial name for products derived from the mitragyna plant species originating in Southeast Asia and now widely available in the United States as a dietary supplement. Kratom is used primarily for self‐management of pain, anxiety, and opioid withdrawal due to its partial agonist activity on mu opioid receptors, as well as other ...
Watanabe H, Zhang K, Shapiro Y.
europepmc   +2 more sources

Clinical Assessment of the Drug Interaction Potential of the Psychotropic Natural Product Kratom

Clinical Pharmacology &Therapeutics, Volume 113, Issue 6, Page 1315-1325, June 2023., 2023
Oral formulations prepared from the leaves of the kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) plant are increasingly used for their opioid‐like effects to self‐manage opioid withdrawal and pain. Calls to US poison centers involving kratom exposures increased >50‐fold from 2011–2017, one‐third of which reported concomitant use of kratom with drugs of abuse.
Rakshit S. Tanna, James T. Nguyen, Deena L. Hadi, Matthew E. Layton, John R. White, Nadja B. Cech, Nicholas H. Oberlies, Allan E. Rettie, Kenneth E. Thummel, Mary F. Paine   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source