Results 21 to 30 of about 824 (158)

Multifaceted modulation of human opioid receptors by kratom alkaloids: binding affinity, functional selectivity, and allosteric activity [PDF]

Frontiers in Pharmacology
IntroductionKratom (Mitragyna speciosa) contains over 50 alkaloids, yet the pharmacological activity of most remains poorly defined, limiting our understanding of its therapeutic potential and safety profile.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive evaluation
S. E. Hemby, M. Rangel-Grimaldo, S. McIntosh, J. Zheng, L. Flores-Bocanegra, T. N. Graf, R. A. Coover, N. H. Oberlies   +7 more
doaj   +2 more sources

A review on multi-therapeutic potential of the Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) alkaloids mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine: Experimental evidence and future perspectives

Kuwait Journal of Science
Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) is a traditional medicinal plant of Southeast Asia, known for its pharmacologically active alkaloids, mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine.
Taslima Begum, Mohd Hafiz Arzmi, Syed Adnan Ali Shah   +2 more
exaly   +3 more sources

Reported associations between kratom and seizures: a systematic review [PDF]

Frontiers in Pharmacology
Statement of purpose, innovation or hypothesisKratom, derived from the leaves of the plant Mitragyna speciosa, is an herbal supplement that has been used medically and recreationally for centuries, but has recently gained popularity in the United States ...
Toby Turla, Grayson Abele, My Hua, Dennis Paustenbach   +3 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Case Report: Cannabis and kratom-induced self-amputation of ears and penis [PDF]

Frontiers in Psychiatry
This report describes the case of a 31-year-old male lumberjack with severe self-inflicted injuries, including the amputation of both auricles and the penis, under the influence of cannabinoids, mitragynine, and 7-hydroxymitragynine.
Marek Broul, Marek Broul, Marek Broul, Xenia Rudenko, Adam Bajus, Jiří Král, Dan Mwemena Kyenge, Zdenka Staňková, Jakub Albrecht, Jakub Albrecht   +9 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Oral Pharmacokinetics in Beagle Dogs of the Mitragynine Metabolite, 7-Hydroxymitragynine. [PDF]

Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet, 2021
7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-HMG) is an oxidative metabolite of mitragynine, the most abundant alkaloid in the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa (otherwise known as kratom). While mitragynine is a weak partial µ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist, 7-HMG is a potent and full MOR agonist.
Maxwell EA, King TI, Kamble SH, Raju KSR, Berthold EC, León F, Hampson A, McMahon LR, McCurdy CR, Sharma A.   +9 more
europepmc   +3 more sources

Insights into the alteration of vaginal microbiota and metabolites in pregnant woman with preterm delivery: prospective cohort study [PDF]

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Disruptions in vaginal microbiota and metabolites during pregnancy may be the most important risk factor for preterm delivery, thus the difference in vaginal microbiota and metabolites between women who subsequently delivered at term and who eventually ...
Lihua Wang, Jun Zhang, Mengjun Zhang, Zhimin Xu, Yijing Zheng, Bingqing Lv, Mian Pan   +6 more
doaj   +2 more sources

7-Hydroxymitragynine and Nicotine Pouch Withdrawal Syndrome: A Case Report. [PDF]

Cureus
Novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) such as kratom and oral nicotine pouches present new challenges in clinical management, particularly regarding dependence and withdrawal. We report a case of severe withdrawal from concentrated 7-hydroxymitragynine (7-OH), a potent kratom alkaloid, and high-dose oral nicotine pouches, following long-term use in a ...
Sharma A, Nair BS, Pemminati S.
europepmc   +4 more sources

Elevated 7-Hydroxymitragynine Levels Found in Products Misbranded as Kratom. [PDF]

J AOAC Int
Abstract Background The leaves of Mitragyna speciosa, commonly called kratom, have been consumed for centuries for their energizing and analgesic properties. Kratom has gained popularity in North America, with an estimated 16 million American consumers.
Brown PN, Chan M, Zhang X, Brendler T.
europepmc   +3 more sources

The Lack of Contribution of 7-Hydroxymitragynine to the Antinociceptive Effects of Mitragynine in Mice: A Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Study. [PDF]

Drug Metab Dispos, 2022
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa), a Southeast Asian tree, has been used for centuries in pain relief and mitigation of opium withdrawal symptoms. Mitragynine (MTG), the major kratom alkaloid, is being investigated for its potential to provide analgesia without the deleterious effects associated with typical opioids.
Berthold EC, Kamble SH, Raju KS, Kuntz MA, Senetra AS, Mottinelli M, León F, Restrepo LF, Patel A, Ho NP, Hiranita T, Sharma A, McMahon LR, McCurdy CR.   +13 more
europepmc   +3 more sources

Pharmacological Comparison of Mitragynine and 7-Hydroxymitragynine: In Vitro Affinity and Efficacy for <i>μ</i>-Opioid Receptor and Opioid-Like Behavioral Effects in Rats. [PDF]

J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 2021
Relationships between µ-opioid receptor (MOR) efficacy and effects of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine are not fully established. We assessed in vitro binding affinity and efficacy and discriminative stimulus effects together with antinociception in rats.
Obeng S, Wilkerson JL, León F, Reeves ME, Restrepo LF, Gamez-Jimenez LR, Patel A, Pennington AE, Taylor VA, Ho NP, Braun T, Fortner JD, Crowley ML, Williamson MR, Pallares VLC, Mottinelli M, Lopera-Londoño C, McCurdy CR, McMahon LR, Hiranita T.   +19 more
europepmc   +4 more sources