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Somatic Generation of Antibody Diversity
Nature, 1983In the genome of a germ-line cell, the genetic information for an immunoglobulin polypeptide chain is contained in multiple gene segments scattered along a chromosome. During the development of bone marrow-derived lymphocytes, these gene segments are assembled by recombination which leads to the formation of a complete gene.
Susumu Tonegawa
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Science, 1978
Three important aspects of immunoglobulin gene organization and structure have emerged from studies of cloned immunoglobulin kappa chain genes. (i) Multiple variable genes are encoded separately in the genome of both immunoglobulin-producing and uncommitted (embryonic) cells, thereby establishing the evolutionary base for generating immunoglobulin ...
J. G. Seidman +4 more
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Three important aspects of immunoglobulin gene organization and structure have emerged from studies of cloned immunoglobulin kappa chain genes. (i) Multiple variable genes are encoded separately in the genome of both immunoglobulin-producing and uncommitted (embryonic) cells, thereby establishing the evolutionary base for generating immunoglobulin ...
J. G. Seidman +4 more
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Antibody diversity — how many antibody genes?
Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 1976Hybridization experiments with immunoglobulin messenger RNA (mRNA) reveal single or a limited number of variable region genes: the interpretation of this finding in terms of the origin of antibody diversity is discussed.
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AID Targeting in Antibody Diversity
2011Antibody maturation requires class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM), both of which are initiated by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). AID deaminates cytosine residues resulting in mismatches that are differentially processed to produce double-strand breaks in Ig switch (S) regions that lead to CSR, or to point ...
Rushad, Pavri, Michel C, Nussenzweig
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The generation of antibody diversity
American Journal of Hematology, 1982AbstractBy their nature, antibody molecules exhibit a wide range of binding specificities. The antigen‐binding properties of the antibody reside entirely in the amino‐terminal portion of the molecule, termed the variable domain. Structurally, the combining site specificity is determined by the amino‐acid residues within 6 short lengths, 3 each in the ...
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1981
Vertebrate organisms possess a large and diverse repertoire of antibody variable regions. A number of different genetic mechanisms have been proposed to account for immunoglobulin variable (V) region diversity, including multiple germline genes, somatic mutation, somatic recombination, and multiple small gene segments which are joined to form a ...
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Vertebrate organisms possess a large and diverse repertoire of antibody variable regions. A number of different genetic mechanisms have been proposed to account for immunoglobulin variable (V) region diversity, including multiple germline genes, somatic mutation, somatic recombination, and multiple small gene segments which are joined to form a ...
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Somatic Mutation and Antibody Diversity
Pathology and Immunopathology Research, 1984Nucleotide insertions or deletions determine novel amino acid sequences at the VH-D and D-JH junction sites. Since these cannot be predicted by known coding genes, they are regarded as a form of somatic mutagenesis. A second type of somatic mutation in Ig structural genes are the stochastic base substitutions that have now been found in both V region ...
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Antibody and Immunoglobulin Diversity
BioScience, 1990Immunoglobulin (antibody) genes have been identified in extant species that are representative of critical points in the evolutionary radiations of vertebrates. The role of antibodies in host defense is well documented; antibodies confer a major selective advantage. In all species characterized, segments of the immunoglobulin genes rearrange during the
Gary W. Litman +3 more
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Structural diversity of antibody catalysts
Journal of Immunological Methods, 2002The structural diversity of the immune response may be considerably restricted by the structure of the hapten used to elicit catalytic antibodies. The ligand-binding mode and the shapes of the binding pockets of hydrolytic antibodies induced to different transition-state analogs that contain an unsubstituted arylphosphonate group are very similar ...
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Monoclonal Antibodies Reveal the Structural Basis of Antibody Diversity
Science, 1983Hybridoma technology has made it possible to introduce into continuous culture normal antibody-forming cells and to obtain large amounts of the immunoglobulin produced by each of these cells. Examination of the structure of a number of monoclonal antibodies that react with a single antigen has provided new information on the structural basis of the ...
J L, Teillaud +7 more
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