Results 121 to 130 of about 38,738 (164)

Aquaporin‐4 and epilepsy

Glia, 2012
AbstractRecent studies have implicated glial cells in modulation of synaptic transmission, so it is plausible that glial cells may have a functional role in the hyperexcitability characteristic of epilepsy. Indeed, alterations in distinct astrocyte membrane channels, receptors, and transporters have all been associated with the epileptic state.
Devin K, Binder, Erlend A, Nagelhus, Ole Petter, Ottersen   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

The role of aquaporin 4 in the brain

Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 2012
Abstract:Emerging evidence suggests that aquaporin (AQP) 4 water channels play an important role in water homeostasis in the brain. These water channels are most abundant in the cell membrane of astrocytes, but are also present within ependymal cell membranes and in osmosensory areas of the hypothalamus.
Christine, Iacovetta, Elke, Rudloff, Rebecca, Kirby   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Aquaporin-4 and Alzheimer’s Disease

Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 2016
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Although the pathogenesis of AD remains unclear, AD is thought to result from an imbalance in the production and clearance of amyloid-β protein (Aβ). Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the major aquaporin in the mammalian brain, is mostly expressed on astrocytic endfeet, and functions as a water ...
Canhong, Yang, Xiaomin, Huang, Xiaoyu, Huang, Hantao, Mai, Jie, Li, Tao, Jiang, Xiaofeng, Wang, Tianming, Lü   +7 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Aquaporin-4 in hepatic encephalopathy

Metabolic Brain Disease, 2007
Brain edema is a critical component of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) associated with acute liver failure and such edema appears to be principally due to astrocyte swelling (cytotoxic edema). Ammonia is believed to represent a major factor responsible for astrocyte swelling, although the mechanisms by which ammonia causes such swelling are not completely ...
K V, Rama Rao, M D, Norenberg
openaire   +2 more sources

Aquaporin-4 autoantibodies cause asymptomatic aquaporin-4 loss and activate astrocytes in mouse

Journal of Neuroimmunology, 2012
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disorder. Up to 90% of patients are seropositive for aquaporin-4 autoantibodies (AQP4 Ab). The pathogenetic mechanisms underlying clinical onset and relapse of NMO are uncertain.Study the pathogenicity of AQP4 Ab in the absence of complement activation.Female C57BL/6N ...
Chan, KH, Chu, ACY, Ho, PWL, Ho, JWM, Zhang, R, Kwan, JSC, Guo, VY   +6 more
openaire   +5 more sources

Regulation of aquaporin-4 expression in astrocytes

Molecular Brain Research, 2001
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4), a mercury-insensitive water channel protein, is abundant in the central nervous system and is localized in astrocytes and ependymal cells. AQP4 is speculated to maintain the homeostasis of intracellular and extracellular water in the brain, but little is known about the mechanism of induction of its expression.
K, Yoneda, N, Yamamoto, K, Asai, K, Sobue, Y, Fujita, M, Fujita, M, Mase, K, Yamada, M, Nakanishi, T, Tada, Y, Miura, T, Kato   +11 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Higher order structure of aquaporin-4

Neuroscience, 2010
Unlike other mammalian AQPs, multiple tetramers of AQP4 associate in the plasma membrane to form peculiar structures called Orthogonal Arrays of Particles (OAPs), that are observable by freeze-fracture electron microscopy (FFEM). However, FFEM cannot give information about the composition of OAPs of different sizes, and due to its technical complexity ...
NICCHIA, GRAZIA PAOLA, SVELTO, Maria, FRIGERI, Antonio, ROSSI A, MOLA MG, PISANI, FRANCESCO, STIGLIANO C, BASCO D, MASTROTOTARO M   +8 more
openaire   +3 more sources

CNS aquaporin-4 autoimmunity in children

Neurology, 2008
In adult patients, autoantibodies targeting the water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4) are a biomarker for a spectrum of CNS inflammatory demyelinating disorders with predilection for optic nerves and spinal cord (neuromyelitis optica [NMO]). Here we describe the neurologic, serologic, and radiographic findings associated with CNS AQP4 autoimmunity in ...
A, McKeon, V A, Lennon, T, Lotze, S, Tenenbaum, J M, Ness, M, Rensel, N L, Kuntz, J P, Fryer, H, Homburger, J, Hunter, B G, Weinshenker, K, Krecke, C F, Lucchinetti, S J, Pittock   +13 more
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Neurological autoimmunity targeting aquaporin-4

Neuroscience, 2010
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is the first inflammatory autoimmune demyelinating disease of the CNS for which a specific tissue target molecule has been identified--the astrocytic water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4). Immunological insights have propelled significant advances in understanding the clinical, radiologic and immunopathologic characteristics of ...
S R, Hinson, A, McKeon, V A, Lennon
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Aquaporin-4 astrocytopathy in Baló’s disease

Acta Neuropathologica, 2010
Baló's concentric sclerosis (BCS) is considered to be a rare variant of multiple sclerosis and characterized by alternating rings of demyelinated and preserved myelin layers. The mechanism underlying BCS remains to be elucidated. Recently, occurrence of concentric rings of Baló was described in the brainstem of a patient with neuromyelitis optica (NMO).
Takeshi, Matsuoka, Satoshi O, Suzuki, Toru, Iwaki, Takeshi, Tabira, Artemio T, Ordinario, Jun-ichi, Kira   +5 more
openaire   +2 more sources