Results 51 to 60 of about 4,340 (154)

The gut microbiome and drug‐resistant epilepsy: Microbiome–antiseizure medication interactions and implications for pharmacoresistance

Epilepsia Open, EarlyView.
Abstract Drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE) affects approximately one‐third of patients with epilepsy and represents a major unmet clinical need. While traditional hypotheses of pharmacoresistance have focused on alterations in drug targets, efflux transporter overexpression, and intrinsic disease severity, the gut microbiome has recently emerged as a ...
Khaled Zammar, Majd A. AbuAlrob, Musab Ali, Simona Lattanzi, Boulenouar Mesraoua   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Interaction of PER2 with the constitutive androstane receptor possibly links circadian rhythms to metabolism

Acta Chimica Slovenica, 2017
Period 2 (PER2) is an important factor in daily oscillations called circadian rhythms, which are emerging as one of the most important regulatory networks, responsible for homeostasis and transcriptional regulation of a number of genes.
Tomaž Martini, Jurij Stojan, Damjana Rozman, Uršula Prosenc Zmrzljak   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

High-throughput toxicogenomic screening of chemicals in the environment using metabolically competent hepatic cell cultures

npj Systems Biology and Applications, 2021
The ToxCast in vitro screening program has provided concentration-response bioactivity data across more than a thousand assay endpoints for thousands of chemicals found in our environment and commerce.
Jill A. Franzosa, Jessica A. Bonzo, John Jack, Nancy C. Baker, Parth Kothiya, Rafal P. Witek, Patrick Hurban, Stephen Siferd, Susan Hester, Imran Shah, Stephen S. Ferguson, Keith A. Houck, John F. Wambaugh   +12 more
doaj   +1 more source

Mode‐of‐Action and Human Relevance Assessment for Diisononyl Phthalate‐Induced Liver Tumors in Rodents

Journal of Applied Toxicology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) is a high molecular weight phthalate and high production volume chemical. DINP's carcinogenic potential has been investigated in four rodent bioassays, with liver tumors observed in three of the studies. Authoritative assessments have hypothesized that DINP acts through the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor
Amanda N. Buerger, Melissa M. Heintz, Laurie C. Haws, Chad M. Thompson   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Nucleophosmin 1 induction is an early event in a Phenobarbital induced proliferation response in rat but not human liver 3D microtissues

Toxicology Reports
A key event in the process of rat but not human liver carcinogenesis caused by constitutive androstane receptor activators such as phenobarbital (PB) is hepatocyte proliferation, but the mechanism(s) underpinning this response is not fully understood ...
Matthew Elcombe, Stephanie Wallace, Simon Plummer   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

A review of xenobiotic membrane transporter expression within the human placenta: Lessons gained from primary tissue and in vitro methodologies

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend A summary of the current knowledge around membrane transporter expression in the most widely used in vitro models of human trophoblasts, including primary placental tissue, cancer cell lines and trophoblast stem cells, as well as the techniques to attempt to mimic the human placenta in vivo.
Rhiannon Pass, Kathryn Wolton, Amanda N. Sferruzzi‐Perri   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

The Connection of Azole Fungicides with Xeno-Sensing Nuclear Receptors, Drug Metabolism and Hepatotoxicity

Cells, 2020
Azole fungicides, especially triazole compounds, are widely used in agriculture and as pharmaceuticals. For a considerable number of agricultural azole fungicides, the liver has been identified as the main target organ of toxicity.
Philip Marx-Stoelting, Constanze Knebel, Albert Braeuning   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Identification of Synthetic Urine by Analysis of Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Ratios and Comparison to Established GC‐MS/MS and LC‐MS/MS Analysis

Drug Testing and Analysis, Volume 18, Issue 8, Page 1145-1151, August 2026.
This study compared GC‐MS/MS, EA‐IRMS, and LC‐MS/MS for detecting synthetic and manipulated urine samples in doping control and forensic analysis. EA‐IRMS proved particularly effective for identifying mixtures of synthetic and authentic urine, providing a reliable complement to established authenticity testing methods.
Frank Hülsemann, Laura Franke, Dirk K. Wissenbach, Gregor Fußhöller, Mario Thevis   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Metformin represses drug – induced expression of CYP2B6 by the constitutive androstane receptor phosphorylation

Ожирение и метаболизм, 2014
Currently, metformin is a major hypoglycemic agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The main antihyperglycemic effect of metformin - suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycolysis.

doaj   +1 more source

Medications That Regulate Pregnane X Receptor: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence

Pharmacology Research &Perspectives, Volume 14, Issue 4, August 2026.
PRISMA 2020 flow diagram of study selection for this systematic review of medications that regulate the pregnane X receptor (PXR), from 12 236 records screened to 101 included studies. ABSTRACT The pregnane X receptor (PXR) gene encodes a ligand‐activated protein involved with the metabolism and excretion of drugs, toxins, and other xenobiotics.
Petra Czarniak, Rachael Moorin, Jeff Hughes, Karl Gruber, David Youens   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source