Results 21 to 30 of about 23,129 (240)

Ascaris suum Informs Extrasynaptic Volume Transmission in Nematodes [PDF]

ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2021
Neural circuit synaptic connectivities (the connectome) provide the anatomical foundation for our understanding of nematode nervous system function. However, other nonsynaptic routes of communication are known in invertebrates including extrasynaptic volume transmission (EVT), which enables short- and/or long-range communication in the absence of ...
Louise E. Atkinson, Yang Liu, Fiona McKay, Elke Vandewyer, Charles Viau, Allister Irvine, Bruce A. Rosa, Zihui Li, Qingxiao Liang, Nikki J. Marks, Aaron G. Maule, Makedonka Mitreva, Isabel Beets, Lingjun Li, Angela Mousley   +14 more
openaire   +5 more sources

AMPA Receptor Phosphorylation and Synaptic Colocalization on Motor Neurons Drive Maladaptive Plasticity below Complete Spinal Cord Injury. [PDF]

, 2015
Clinical spinal cord injury (SCI) is accompanied by comorbid peripheral injury in 47% of patients. Human and animal modeling data have shown that painful peripheral injuries undermine long-term recovery of locomotion through unknown mechanisms ...
Beattie, Michael S, Bresnahan, Jacqueline C, Ferguson, Adam R, Grau, James W, Huie, J Russell, Irvine, Karen-Amanda, Lee, Kuan H, Stuck, Ellen D   +7 more
core   +1 more source

Extrasynaptic NMDA Receptor in Excitotoxicity [PDF]

The Neuroscientist, 2014
It is generally accepted that proper activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) promotes neuronal survival and supports neuroplasticity, and excessive NMDAR activation leads to pathological outcomes and neurodegeneration. As NMDARs are found at both synaptic and extrasynaptic sites, there is significant interest in determining how NMDARs at
Xianju, Zhou, Zhuoyou, Chen, Wenwei, Yun, Jianhua, Ren, Chengwei, Li, Hongbing, Wang   +5 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Extrasynaptic and postsynaptic receptors in glycinergic and GABAergic neurotransmission: a division of labor?

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 2008
Glycine and GABA mediate inhibitory neurotransmission in the spinal cord and central nervous system. The general concept of neurotransmission is now challenged by the contribution of both phasic activation of postsynaptic glycine and GABAA receptors ...
Emilie Muller, Emilie Muller, Hervé Le-Corronc, Pascal Legendre   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Diffusion-based neuromodulation can eliminate catastrophic forgetting in simple neural networks [PDF]

, 2017
A long-term goal of AI is to produce agents that can learn a diversity of skills throughout their lifetimes and continuously improve those skills via experience. A longstanding obstacle towards that goal is catastrophic forgetting, which is when learning
Clune, Jeff, Velez, Roby
core   +4 more sources

Reduction in focal ictal activity following transplantation of MGE interneurons requires expression of the GABA(A) receptor α4 subunit

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2015
Despite numerous advances, treatment-resistant seizures remain an important problem. Loss of neuronal inhibition is present in a variety of epilepsy models and is suggested as a mechanism for increased excitability, leading to the proposal that grafting ...
Manoj K. Jaiswal, Sotirios A Keros, Mingrui A Zhao, Mingrui A Zhao, Melis eInan, Theodore H Schwartz, Theodore H Schwartz, Stewart A Anderson, Gregg E Homanics, Peter A. Goldstein   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

A quantitative method to assess extrasynaptic NMDA receptor function in the protective effect of synaptic activity against neurotoxicity

BMC Neuroscience, 2008
Background Extrasynaptic NMDA receptors couple to a CREB shut-off pathway and cause cell death, whereas synaptic NMDA receptors and nuclear calcium signaling promote CREB-mediated transcription and neuronal survival.
Bading Hilmar, Dick Oliver, Bengtson C Peter   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Imaging extrasynaptic glutamate dynamics in the brain [PDF]

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009
Glutamate is the major neurotransmitter in the brain, mediating point-to-point transmission across the synaptic cleft in excitatory synapses. Using a glutamate imaging method with fluorescent indicators, we show that synaptic activity generates extrasynaptic glutamate dynamics in the vicinity of active synapses.
Yohei, Okubo, Hiroshi, Sekiya, Shigeyuki, Namiki, Hirokazu, Sakamoto, Sho, Iinuma, Miwako, Yamasaki, Masahiko, Watanabe, Kenzo, Hirose, Masamitsu, Iino   +8 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Osmotic Edema Rapidly Increases Neuronal Excitability Through Activation of NMDA Receptor-Dependent Slow Inward Currents in Juvenile and Adult Hippocampus. [PDF]

, 2015
Cellular edema (cell swelling) is a principal component of numerous brain disorders including ischemia, cortical spreading depression, hyponatremia, and epilepsy.
Binder, Devin K, Davila, David, Fiacco, Todd A, Lauderdale, Kelli, Murphy, Thomas, Tung, Tina   +5 more
core   +3 more sources

Astrocytic Actions on Extrasynaptic Neuronal Currents [PDF]

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2015
In the last few decades, knowledge about astrocytic functions has significantly increased. It was demonstrated that astrocytes are not passive elements of the central nervous system (CNS), but active partners of neurons. There is a growing body of knowledge about the calcium excitability of astrocytes, the actions of different gliotransmitters and ...
openaire   +3 more sources