Results 151 to 160 of about 1,835 (174)
Multiple Lines of Evidence Indicate That Gliotransmission Does Not Occur under Physiological Conditions [PDF]
Journal of Neuroscience, 2018 A major controversy persists within the field of glial biology concerning whether or not, under physiological conditions, neuronal activity leads to Ca2+-dependent release of neurotransmitters from astrocytes, a phenomenon known as gliotransmission.
Todd Fiacco, Ken D McCarthy
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Gliotransmission at Tripartite Synapses
Springer Series in Computational Neuroscience, 2019Signal exchange between astrocytes and neurons at tripartite synapses has emerged as a crucial element of neural circuits in the brain. The position of astrocyte processes facing synapses provides the proper structural and functional conditions for neuron-astrocyte communication giving rise to the concept of “tripartite synapse”.
Gertrudis Perea +1 more
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Gliotransmission: A Novel Target for the Development of Antiseizure Drugs
Neuroscientist, 2020For more than a century, epilepsy has remained an incapacitating neurological disorder with a high incidence worldwide. Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common type of epilepsy without an effective pharmacological treatment.
Ramon Sotomayor-Zárate +1 more
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Gliotransmission in physiologic and pathologic conditions
Handbook of Clinical Neurology / Edited By P J Vinken and G W BruynThis chapter explores the roles of gliotransmission in physiologic and pathologic conditions, including psychiatric and neurologic disorders. Gliotransmission, facilitated by astrocytes through the release of gliotransmitters such as glutamate, d-serine, and GABA, regulates neuronal activity and synaptic transmission.
Eunji Cheong, C Justin Lee
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The Rise and Fall of the d -Serine-Mediated Gliotransmission Hypothesis [PDF]
Trends in Neurosciences, 2016 d-Serine modulates N-methyl d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and regulates synaptic plasticity, neurodevelopment, and learning and memory. However, the primary site of d-serine synthesis and release remains controversial, with some arguing that it is a gliotransmitter and others defining it as a neuronal cotransmitter.
Herman Wolosker +2 more
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Roles for gliotransmission in the nervous system
Journal of Neural Transmission, 2004Astrocytes were long referred to as passive cells in the central nervous system (CNS). However, the application of fluorescent Ca2+ indicators revealed their "Ca2+ excitability" in response to a variety of stimuli. Since then, evidence showing that astrocytes release chemical transmitters and can modulate synapses has led to a new integrative view of ...
Q, Zhang, P G, Haydon
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Implications of Gliotransmission for the Pharmacotherapy of CNS Disorders
CNS Drugs, 2011The seminal discovery that glial cells, particularly astrocytes, can release a number of gliotransmitters that serve as signalling molecules for the cross-talk with neighbouring cellular populations has recently changed our perception of brain functioning, as well as our view of the pathogenesis of several disorders of the CNS.
Rossi, D +2 more
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The tripartite synapse: roles for gliotransmission in health and disease
Trends in Molecular Medicine, 2007In addition to being essential supporters of neuronal function, astrocytes are now recognized as active elements in the brain. Astrocytes sense and integrate synaptic activity and, depending on intracellular Ca(2+) levels, release gliotransmitters (e.g. glutamate, d-serine and ATP) that have feedback actions on neurons. Recent experimental results have
Michael M, Halassa +2 more
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The Carotid Body “Tripartite Synapse”: Role of Gliotransmission
2023In mammals, cardiorespiratory reflexes originating in the carotid body (CB) help maintain homeostasis by matching oxygen supply to oxygen demand. CB output to the brainstem is shaped by synaptic interactions at a "tripartite synapse" consisting of chemosensory (type I) cells, abutting glial-like (type II) cells, and sensory (petrosal) nerve terminals ...
Erin M, Leonard, Colin A, Nurse
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The astrocyte excitability brief: From receptors to gliotransmission
Neurochemistry International, 2012Astrocytes do not merely serve as the supporting cast and scenery against which starring roles would be played by neurons. Rather, these glial cells are intimately involved in many of the brain's functions by responding to neuronal activity and modulating it.
Parpura, Vladimir +1 more
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