Results 21 to 30 of about 585,844 (339)
Non-canonical glutamate-cysteine ligase activity protects against ferroptosis
bioRxiv, 2020 Cysteine is required for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis in both normal and transformed cells. Deprivation of cysteine induces the iron-dependent form of cell death known as ferroptosis; however, the metabolic consequences of cysteine starvation ...
Y. Kang +4 more
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Abnormalities in Glutamate Metabolism and Excitotoxicity in the Retinal Diseases
Scientifica, 2013 In the physiological condition, glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter in the retina. However, excessive glutamate can be toxic to retinal neurons by overstimulation of the glutamate receptors.
Makoto Ishikawa
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Vesicular Glutamate Transporters (SLCA17 A6, 7, 8) Control Synaptic Phosphate Levels
Cell Reports, 2021 Summary: Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) fill synaptic vesicles with glutamate. VGLUTs were originally identified as sodium-dependent transporters of inorganic phosphate (Pi), but the physiological relevance of this activity remains unclear ...
Cyril Cheret +4 more
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Biomolecules, 2016 Glutamate is present in the brain at an average concentration—typically 10–12 mM—far in excess of those of other amino acids. In glutamate-containing vesicles in the brain, the concentration of glutamate may even exceed 100 mM. Yet because glutamate is a
Arthur J. L. Cooper, Thomas M. Jeitner
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Glutamate triggers long-distance, calcium-based plant defense signaling
Science, 2018 Rapid, long-distance signaling in plants A plant injured on one leaf by a nibbling insect can alert its other leaves to begin anticipatory defense responses. Working in the model plant Arabidopsis, Toyota et al. show that this systemic signal begins with
M. Toyota +7 more
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Glutamate-induced Exocytosis of Glutamate from Astrocytes
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2007 Recent studies indicate that astrocytes can play a much more active role in neuronal circuits than previously believed, by releasing neurotransmitters such as glutamate and ATP. Here we report that local application of glutamate or glutamine synthetase inhibitors induces astrocytic release of glutamate, which activates a slowly decaying transient ...
Jun, Xu +6 more
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Molecular Mechanisms of Glutamate Toxicity in Parkinson’s Disease
Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2020 Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, the pathological features of which include the presence of Lewy bodies and the neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.
Ji Wang +3 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Glutamate transporter control of ambient glutamate levels
Neurochemistry International, 2014 Accurate knowledge of the ambient extracellular glutamate concentration in brain is required for understanding its potential impacts on tonic and phasic receptor signaling. Estimates of ambient glutamate based on microdialysis measurements are generally in the range of ∼2-10μM, approximately 100-fold higher than estimates based on electrophysiological ...
Sun, Weinan +3 more
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eLife, 2014 Exchange of extracellular cystine for intracellular glutamate by the antiporter system xc− is implicated in numerous pathologies. Pharmacological agents that inhibit system xc− activity with high potency have long been sought, but have remained elusive ...
S. Dixon +10 more
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d-glutamate and Gut Microbiota in Alzheimer’s Disease
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020 Background: An increasing number of studies have shown that the brain–gut–microbiota axis may significantly contribute to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Moreover, impaired memory and learning involve the dysfunction neurotransmission of glutamate,
ChunLang Chang, Chieh-Hsin Lin, H. Lane
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