Results 31 to 40 of about 898,814 (388)

Glutamate triggers long-distance, calcium-based plant defense signaling

Science, 2018
Rapid, long-distance signaling in plants A plant injured on one leaf by a nibbling insect can alert its other leaves to begin anticipatory defense responses. Working in the model plant Arabidopsis, Toyota et al. show that this systemic signal begins with
M. Toyota, D. Spencer, Satoe Sawai-Toyota, W. Jiaqi, Tong Zhang, Abraham J. Koo, G. Howe, S. Gilroy   +7 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Augmented Cystine–Glutamate Exchange by Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-activating Polypeptide Signaling via the VPAC1 Receptor [PDF]

, 2014
In the central nervous system, cystine import in exchange for glutamate through system xc- is critical for the production of the antioxidant glutathione by astrocytes, as well as the maintenance of extracellular glutamate. Therefore, regulation of system
Arimura, Ashur-Fabian, Asztely, Baker, Baker, Baker, Bannai, Bannai, Barger, Berman, Brenneman, Brown, Chen, Choi, Costa, Diamond, Dickson, Dugan, Fahrenkrug, Figiel, Fogal, Ghatei, Grant, Grant, Grimaldi, Grimaldi, Groot, Hannibal, Hannibal, Hashimoto, Jackman, Johnson, Joo, Joo, Knackstedt, Kranich, Kupchik, Lewerenz, Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu, Lobner, Macdonald, Magistretti, Martin, Masmoudi-Kouki, Masmoudi-Kouki, Moran, Morio, Murphy, Park, Piani, Pow, Rush, Rush, Sagara, Said, Sato, Schwartz, Seaborn, Shih, Shintani, Sontheimer, Suh, Suzuki, Tatsuno, Tatsuno, Vaudry, Vaudry, Yaka, Ye, Yuhara, Zheng, Zhou   +74 more
core   +2 more sources

Glutamine-Glutamate Cycle Flux Is Similar in Cultured Astrocytes and Brain and Both Glutamate Production and Oxidation Are Mainly Catalyzed by Aspartate Aminotransferase

Biology, 2017
The glutamine-glutamate cycle provides neurons with astrocyte-generated glutamate/γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and oxidizes glutamate in astrocytes, and it returns released transmitter glutamate/GABA to neurons after astrocytic uptake.
Leif Hertz, Douglas L Rothman
doaj   +1 more source

Variants in the zinc transporter-3 encoding gene (SLC30A3) in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: Effects on brain glutamate–A pilot study

Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2022
Zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) has been implicated in the aetiopathology of schizophrenia. In this pilot study, we tested the hypothesis that the presence of a minor allele of two variants in the gene encoding ZnT3 (SLC30A3) affects brain glutamate and ...
Luke A. Jelen, Luke A. Jelen, Mark S. Green, Sinead King, Sinead King, Sinead King, Alex G. Morris, Xinyuan Zhang, David J. Lythgoe, Allan H. Young, Allan H. Young, Jacqueline De Belleroche, James M. Stone, James M. Stone, James M. Stone, James M. Stone   +15 more
doaj   +1 more source

Ketamine - precursor of a new generation antidepressant drugs [PDF]

Farmacja Polska
Depressive disorders are one of the most common mental disorders in the world. Treatment of depression is an important medical problem but current pharmacological strategies based on balancing monoaminergic transmissions in the brain are associated with ...
Jolanta Barbara Zawilska, Ewa Zwierzyńska   +1 more
doaj   +1 more source

NAC and Vitamin D Restore CNS Glutathione in Endotoxin-Sensitized Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Rats

Antioxidants, 2021
Therapeutic hypothermia does not improve outcomes in neonatal hypoxia ischemia (HI) complicated by perinatal infection, due to well-described, pre-existing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation that shorten the therapeutic window.
Lauren E. Adams, Hunter G. Moss, Danielle W. Lowe, Truman Brown, Donald B. Wiest, Bruce W. Hollis, Inderjit Singh, Dorothea D. Jenkins   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Pharmacological inhibition of cystine–glutamate exchange induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and ferroptosis

eLife, 2014
Exchange of extracellular cystine for intracellular glutamate by the antiporter system xc− is implicated in numerous pathologies. Pharmacological agents that inhibit system xc− activity with high potency have long been sought, but have remained elusive ...
S. Dixon, Darpan N. Patel, Matthew E. Welsch, R. Skouta, Eric D. Lee, M. Hayano, A. Thomas, Caroline E. Gleason, N. Tatonetti, B. Slusher, B. Stockwell   +10 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Influence of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission on obstructive sleep apnea

Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2023
Glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are the two main neurotransmitters in the human brain. The balance between their excitatory and inhibitory functions is crucial for maintaining the brain’s physiological functions.
Piotr Kaczmarski, Marcin Sochal, Dominik Strzelecki, Piotr Białasiewicz, Agata Gabryelska   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

d-glutamate and Gut Microbiota in Alzheimer’s Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020
Background: An increasing number of studies have shown that the brain–gut–microbiota axis may significantly contribute to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Moreover, impaired memory and learning involve the dysfunction neurotransmission of glutamate,
ChunLang Chang, Chieh-Hsin Lin, H. Lane
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Nitrogen Uptake in Plants: The Plasma Membrane Root Transport Systems from a Physiological and Proteomic Perspective

Plants, 2021
Nitrogen nutrition in plants is a key determinant in crop productivity. The availability of nitrogen nutrients in the soil, both inorganic (nitrate and ammonium) and organic (urea and free amino acids), highly differs and influences plant physiology ...
Chiara Muratore, Luca Espen, Bhakti Prinsi   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source